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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 15, 2001, 21(20):8286-8301
Functional Retinotopy of Monkey Visual Cortex
Gary
Blasdel and
Darlene
Campbell
Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston,
Massachusetts 02115
The operations of primary visual cortex generate continuous
representations of orientation, ocular dominance, and retinotopy that,
to fit in two dimensions, organize at separate but overlapping scales
(e.g., 20-500 µm, 200 µm to 5 mm, and 2-33 mm). Where their scales overlap, these organizations interact; iso-orientation contours
cross ocular dominance columns at right angles, and ocular dominance
columns distort retinotopy near the V1/V2 border. To explore these
interactions, we developed an optical technique for visualizing
retinotopy in vivo that allows us to analyze it in
relation to ocular dominance and orientation patterns. Our results show
local retinotopic distortions in every region of macaque V1 that we
examine, including regions far from the V1/V2 border. They also show a
consistent relation between local axes of distortion and ocular
dominance slabs, which they intersect at angles of ~90°. A further
correlation is provided by retinotopic maps from New World primates
that show less distortion (9 vs 60%) in two species characterized by
an absence of pronounced ocular dominance columns. Retinotopic maps
from these New World primates also revealed an unexpected tilt of the
vertical midline representation that diverged from the V1/V2 border by
an angle of ~20°. Overall, these results suggest a general tendency
for slab-based organizations to distort retinotopy by representing the
same part of space more than once in adjacent slabs.
Key words:
retinotopy; cortical magnification; primate visual
cortex; ocular dominance columns; orientation selectivity; anisotropy
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21208286-16$05.00/0
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