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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 1, 2001, 21(21):8328-8338
Neuronal Glutamate Transporters Limit Activation of NMDA
Receptors by Neurotransmitter Spillover on CA1 Pyramidal Cells
Jeffrey S.
Diamond
Synaptic Physiology Unit, National Institute of Neurological
Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
20892-4066
Glutamate released at synapses in the CA1 region of the hippocampus
escapes the synaptic cleft and activates extrasynaptic targets; it also
may "spill over" into neighboring synapses and activate receptors
there. Glutamate transporters in glial membranes restrict extrasynaptic
diffusion, but it is unclear whether neuronal glutamate transporters
also limit transmitter diffusion and receptor activation by spillover.
I examined the effects of a low-affinity competitive NMDA receptor
antagonist on EPSCs in acute hippocampal slices to distinguish
receptors activated within active synapses from those activated by
spillover. Glutamate spillover is observed between Schaffer collateral
fiber synapses onto CA1 pyramidal cells only when transporters in the
postsynaptic neuron are inhibited. Because glutamate transporters
operate most effectively at negative membrane potentials, these results
suggest that activation of NMDA receptors by spillover may depend on
postsynaptic activity.
Key words:
spillover; glutamate transporters; diffusion; Monte Carlo
simulation; hippocampus; NMDA receptor
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21218328-11$05.00/0
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