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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 15, 2001, 21(22):8715-8721
Presynaptic R-Type Calcium Channels Contribute to Fast Excitatory
Synaptic Transmission in the Rat Hippocampus
Sonia
Gasparini1,
Alexander M.
Kasyanov1,
Daniela
Pietrobon2,
Leon L.
Voronin3, and
Enrico
Cherubini1
1 Neuroscience Program and Istituto Nazionale
Fisica della Materia Unit, International School for Advanced Studies,
34014 Trieste, Italy, 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences,
35121 Padova, Italy, and 3 Brain Research Institute,
Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 103064 Moscow, Russia
The possibility that R-type calcium channels contribute to fast
glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampus has been assessed using
low concentrations of NiCl2 and the peptide toxin SNX 482, a selective antagonist of the pore-forming  1E subunit of
R-type calcium channel. EPSPs or EPSCs were recorded in the
whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique mainly from CA3
hippocampal neurons. Effects of both NiCl2 and SNX 482 were
tested on large (composite) EPSCs evoked by mossy and
associative-commissural fiber stimulation. NiCl2 effects
were also tested on minimal EPSPs-EPSCs. Both substances reduced the
amplitude of EPSPs-EPSCs. This effect was associated with an increase
in the number of response failures of minimal EPSPs-EPSCs, an
enhancement of the paired-pulse facilitation ratios of both
minimal and composite EPSCs, and a reduction of the inverse squared
coefficient of variation (CV 2). The reduction of
CV2 was positively correlated with the decrease in
EPSC amplitude. The inhibitory effect of NiCl2 was occluded
by SNX 482 but not by  -conotoxin-MVIIC, a broad-spectrum antagonist
thought to interact with N- and P/Q-type calcium channels, supporting a
specific action of low concentrations of NiCl2 on R-type
calcium channels. Together, these observations indicate that both
NiCl2 and SNX 482 act at presynaptic sites and block R-type
calcium channels with pharmacological properties similar to those
encoded by the 1E gene. These channels are involved in
fast glutamatergic transmission at hippocampal synapses.
Key words:
hippocampus; mossy fibers; associative-commissural
fibers; single-fiber EPSPs; single-fiber EPSCs; composite EPSC; -conotoxin-MVIIC; SNX 482
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21228715-07$05.00/0
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