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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 2001, 21(23):9460-9470

Synaptic Depression Mediates Bistability in Neuronal Networks with Recurrent Inhibitory Connectivity

Yair Manor¹ and Farzan Nadim²

¹ Life Sciences Department and Zlotowski Center for Neurosciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel 84105, and ² Department of Mathematical Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology and Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102

When depressing synapses are embedded in a circuit composed of a pacemaker neuron and a neuron with no autorhythmic properties, the network can show two modes of oscillation. In one mode the synapses are mostly depressed, and the oscillations are dominated by the properties of the oscillating neuron. In the other mode, the synapses recover from depression, and the oscillations are primarily controlled by the synapses. We demonstrate the two modes of oscillation in a hybrid circuit consisting of a biological pacemaker and a model neuron, reciprocally coupled via model depressing synapses. We show that across a wide range of parameter values this network shows robust bistability of the oscillation mode and that it is possible to switch the network from one mode to the other by injection of a brief current pulse in either neuron. The underlying mechanism for bistability may be present in many types of circuits with reciprocal connections and synaptic depression.

Key words: oscillation; reciprocal inhibition; motor systems; dynamic clamp; stomatogastric nervous system; crustacean

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Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/01/21239460-11$05.00/0

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