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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 1, 2001, 21(23):9487-9498
Maturation of Synaptic Transmission at End-Bulb Synapses of the
Cochlear Nucleus
Stephan
Brenowitz1, 2 and
Laurence O.
Trussell2
1 Neuroscience Training Program, University of
Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, and 2 Oregon Hearing
Research Center and Vollum Institute, Oregon Health Sciences
University, Portland, Oregon 97201
Neurons of the avian nucleus magnocellularis transmit phase-locked
action potentials of the auditory nerve in a pathway that contributes
to sound localization based on interaural timing differences. We
studied developmental changes in synaptic transmission that enable the
end-bulb synapse to function as a synaptic relay. In chick, although
the auditory system begins to function early in embryonic development,
maturation of audition around the time of hatching suggested that
synaptic transmission in the cochlear nucleus of young chicks may
undergo further developmental changes. Synaptic physiology was
investigated via patch-clamp recordings from bushy cells in brainstem
slices during stimulation of auditory nerve fibers at 35°C. Compared
with embryonic synapses (embryonic day 18), post-hatch chicks
(post-hatch days 1-11) exhibited high probability of firing a well
timed postsynaptic action potential during high-frequency stimulation
of the auditory nerve. Improvements in reliability and timing of
postsynaptic spikes were accompanied by a developmental increase in
steady-state EPSCs during stimulus trains and a decline in the extent
of synaptic depression. Synchrony of EPSCs during stimulus trains
improved with age. An increased pool of synaptic vesicles, lower
release probability, larger and faster transmitter quanta, and reduced
AMPA receptor desensitization contributed to these changes. Together,
these factors improve the ability of cochlear nucleus
magnocellularis neurons to faithfully transmit timing
information encoded by the auditory nerve.
Key words:
short-term depression; AMPA receptors; cochlear nucleus; end-bulb synapse; auditory; development
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21239487-12$05.00/0
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