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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 2001, 21(24):9782-9791
The Permissive Cue Laminin Is Essential for Growth Cone Turning
In Vivo
Jennifer
Bonner and
Timothy P.
O'Connor
Department of Anatomy, Program in Neuroscience, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
The proper guidance of migrating growth cones relies on the balance
of multiple guidance cues in the embryonic environment. In addition to
guidance cues, growth cones are in contact with other substrates that
may contribute to the pathfinding of neurons. For example, in the
developing insect peripheral nervous system, pioneer neurons migrate on
and between layers of the basal lamina. Previous studies have
demonstrated that one basal lamina molecule, laminin, promotes
outgrowth of many classes of neurons in vitro. In this
study, the simple grasshopper nervous system was used to investigate
the role of laminin in neuronal pathfinding. Laminin expression
precedes axonogenesis of the Tibial (Ti1) pioneer neurons in the
developing limb bud, and expression continues during outgrowth and
guidance of the pioneer neurons. The role of a nidogen-binding motif on
laminin was investigated using subunit-specific antibodies and peptides
as blocking reagents in vivo. Antibodies and peptides that block the nidogen-binding site on laminin resulted in stalled Ti1
axon migration, predominantly at the precise location where they
normally turn ventrally. After prolonged culturing, Ti1 axons remained
stalled at the same location. Therefore, although Ti1 axons were
capable of outgrowth in the presence of blocking reagents, they were
not able to navigate an essential turn. This study indicates that the
interaction of the Ti1 growth cone with the nidogen-binding site on
laminin is vital for neuronal pathfinding in vivo and suggests that permissive cues may be essential for growth cone steering.
Key words:
laminin; growth cone turning; permissive cues; axon
guidance; grasshopper; in vivo
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21249782-10$05.00/0
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