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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 2001, 21(24):9801-9813
Long-Term Potentiation of Thalamocortical Transmission in the
Adult Visual Cortex In Vivo
Arnold J.
Heynen and
Mark F.
Bear
Department of Neuroscience, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brown
University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
It has been suggested that NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic
strengthening, like that observed after long-term potentiation (LTP),
is a mechanism by which experience modifies responses in the neocortex.
We report here that patterned (theta burst) stimulation of the dorsal
lateral geniculate nucleus reliably induces LTP of field potentials
(FPs) evoked in primary visual cortex (Oc1) of adult rats in
vivo. The response enhancement is saturable, long-lasting, and
dependent on NMDA receptor activation. To determine the laminar locus
of these changes, current source density (CSD) analysis was performed
on FP profiles obtained before and after LTP induction. LTP was
accompanied by an enhancement of synaptic current sinks located in
thalamorecipient (layer IV and deep layer III) and supragranular
(layers II/III) cell layers. We also examined immunocytochemical
labeling for the immediate early gene zif-268 1 hr after induction of
LTP. In concert with the laminar changes observed in CSD analyses, we
observed a significant increase in the number of zif-268-immunopositive
neurons in layers II-IV that occurred over a wide extent of Oc1. Last,
we investigated the functional consequences of LTP induction by
monitoring changes in visually evoked potentials. After LTP, we
observed that the cortical response to a full-field flash was
significantly enhanced and that responses to grating stimuli were
increased across a range of spatial frequencies. These findings are
consistent with growing evidence that primary sensory cortex remains
plastic into adulthood, and they show that the mechanisms of LTP can
contribute to this plasticity.
Key words:
critical period; visual cortex; synaptic plasticity; LTP; zif-268; dLGN
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/21249801-13$05.00/0
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