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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 1, 2001, 21(3):944-950
Transplantation of Cryopreserved Adult Human Schwann Cells Enhances Axonal Conduction in Demyelinated Spinal Cord
Ikuhide Kohama, Karen L. Lankford, Jana Preiningerova, Fletcher A. White, Timothy L. Vollmer, and Jeffery D. Kocsis Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, and Paralyzed Veterans of America/Eastern Paralyzed Veterans Association, Neuroscience Research Center and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut 06516
Schwann cells derived from human sural nerve may provide a valuable source of tissue for a cell-based therapy in multiple sclerosis. However, it is essential to show that transplanted human Schwann cells can remyelinate axons in adult CNS and improve axonal conduction. Sections of sural nerve were removed from amputated legs of patients with vascular disease or diabetes, and Schwann cells were isolated and cryopreserved. Suspensions of reconstituted cells were transplanted into the X-irradiation/ethidium bromide lesioned dorsal columns of immunosuppressed Wistar rat. After 3-5 weeks of extensive remyelination, a typical Schwann cell pattern was observed in the lesion zone. Many cells in the lesion were immunopositive for an anti-human nuclei monoclonal antibody. The dorsal columns were removed and maintained in an in vitro recording chamber; the conduction properties were studied using field potential and intra-axonal recording techniques. The transplanted dorsal columns displayed improved conduction velocity and frequency-response properties, and action potentials conducted over a greater distance into the lesion, suggesting that conduction block was overcome. These data support the conclusion that transplantation of human Schwann cells results in functional remyelination of a dorsal column lesion.
Key words: cell transplantation; human Schwann cells; demyelination; restoration of conduction; xenotransplantation; multiple sclerosis
Copyright © 2001 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/01/213944-07$05.00/0
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