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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 1, 2002, 22(11):4264-4273
CASK Participates in Alternative Tripartite Complexes in which
Mint 1 Competes for Binding with Caskin 1, a Novel CASK-Binding
Protein
Katsuhiko
Tabuchi*,
Thomas
Biederer*,
Stefan
Butz, and
Thomas C.
Südhof
The Center for Basic Neuroscience, Department of Molecular
Genetics, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
CASK, an adaptor protein of the plasma membrane, is composed
of an N-terminal calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein (CaM) kinase domain, central PSD-95, Dlg, and ZO-1/2 domain (PDZ) and Src homology 3 (SH3) domains, and a C-terminal guanylate kinase sequence. The CaM
kinase domain of CASK binds to Mint 1, and the region between the CaM
kinase and PDZ domains interacts with Velis, resulting in a tight
tripartite complex. CASK, Velis, and Mint 1 are evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans, in which homologous
genes (called lin-2, lin-7, and lin-10) are required for vulva
development. We now demonstrate that the N-terminal CaM kinase domain
of CASK binds to a novel brain-specific adaptor protein called Caskin 1. Caskin 1 and a closely related isoform, Caskin 2, are multidomain proteins containing six N-terminal ankyrin repeats, a single SH3 domain, and two sterile motif domains followed by a long
proline-rich sequence and a short conserved C-terminal domain. Unlike
CASK and Mint 1, no Caskin homolog was detected in C.
elegans. Immunoprecipitations showed that Caskin 1, like Mint
1, is stably bound to CASK in the brain. Affinity chromatography
experiments demonstrated that Caskin 1 coassembles with CASK on the
immobilized cytoplasmic tail of neurexin 1, suggesting that CASK and
Caskin 1 coat the cytoplasmic tails of neurexins and other cell-surface
proteins. Detailed mapping studies revealed that Caskin 1 and Mint 1 bind to the same site on the N-terminal CaM kinase domain of CASK and compete with each other for CASK binding. Our data suggest that in the
vertebrate brain, CASK and Velis form alternative tripartite complexes
with either Mint 1 or Caskin 1 that may couple CASK to distinct
downstream effectors.
Key words:
CASK; synapse; scaffold; lin-2; Mint 1; Caskin; neurexin; syndecan; Velis
*
K.T. and T.B. contributed equally to this work.
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22114264-10$05.00/0
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