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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 1, 2002, 22(11):4456-4467
Developmental Regulation of Small-Conductance
Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel Expression and
Function in Rat Purkinje Neurons
Lorenzo A.
Cingolani1,
Marco
Gymnopoulos1,
Anna
Boccaccio1,
Martin
Stocker1, 2, and
Paola
Pedarzani1, 3
1 Max-Planck-Institute for Experimental Medicine, 37075 Göttingen, Germany, and 2 Wellcome Laboratory for
Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, and
3 Department of Physiology, University College London,
London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
Calcium transients play an important role in the early and later
phases of differentiation and maturation of single neurons and neuronal
networks. Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels of the
SK type modulate membrane excitability and are important
determinants of the firing properties of central neurons. Increases in
the intracellular calcium concentration activate SK channels, leading
to a hyperpolarization of the membrane potential, which in turn reduces
the calcium inflow into the cell. This feedback mechanism is ideally
suited to regulate the spatiotemporal occurrence of calcium transients.
However, the role of SK channels in neuronal development has not been
addressed so far. We have concentrated on the ontogenesis and function
of SK channels in the developing rat cerebellum, focusing particularly
on Purkinje neurons.
Electrophysiological recordings combined with specific pharmacological
tools have revealed for the first time the presence of an
afterhyperpolarizing current (IAHP)
in immature Purkinje cells in rat cerebellar slices. The channel
subunits underlying this current were identified as SK2 and localized
by in situ hybridization and subunit-specific
antibodies. Their expression level was shown to be high at birth and
subsequently to decline during the first 3 weeks of postnatal life,
both at the mRNA and protein levels. This developmental regulation was
tightly correlated with the expression of
IAHP and the prominent role of SK2 channels
in shaping the spontaneous firing pattern in young, but not in adult,
Purkinje neurons. These results provide the first evidence of the
developmental regulation and function of SK channels in central neurons.
Key words:
SK channel; afterhyperpolarization; apamin; calcium-activated potassium current; development; Purkinje neurons
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22114456-12$05.00/0
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