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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 1, 2002, 22(11):4756-4765
Coordinations of Locomotor and Respiratory Rhythms In
Vitro Are Critically Dependent on Hindlimb Sensory Inputs
Didier
Morin and
Denise
Viala
Laboratoire Neurobiologie des Réseaux, Université
Bordeaux 1, Unité Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique 5816, 33405 Talence Cedex, France
A 1:1 coordination between locomotor and respiratory movements has
been described in various mammalian species during fast locomotion, and
several mechanisms underlying such interactions have been proposed.
Here we use an isolated brainstem-spinal cord preparation of the
neonatal rat to determine the origin of this coupling, which could
derive either from a direct interaction between the central locomotor-
and respiratory-generating networks themselves or from an indirect
influence via a peripheral mechanism. We demonstrate that during
fictive locomotion induced by pharmacological activation of the lumbar
locomotor generators, a concomitant increase in spontaneous respiratory
rate occurs without any evident form of phase coupling. In contrast,
respiratory motor activity can be fully entrained (1:1 coupling) over a
range of periodic electrical stimulation applied to low-threshold
sensory pathways originating from hindlimb muscles. Our results provide
strong support for the existence of pathways between lumbar
proprioceptive afferents, medullary respiratory networks, and phrenic
motoneurons that could provide the basis of the locomotor-respiratory
coupling in many animals. Thus a peripheral sensory system involved in
a well defined rhythmic motor function can be responsible for the tight
functional interaction between two otherwise independent motor behaviors.
Key words:
locomotion; respiration; neuronal network interactions; newborn rat; brainstem-spinal cord; in vitro; entrainment; sensory-motor integrations; proprioceptive feedback
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22114756-10$05.00/0
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