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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 15, 2002, 22(16):7308-7320
Positive and Negative Motivation in Nucleus Accumbens Shell:
Bivalent Rostrocaudal Gradients for GABA-Elicited Eating, Taste
"Liking"/"Disliking" Reactions, Place Preference/Avoidance,
and Fear
Sheila M.
Reynolds and
Kent C.
Berridge
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
Michigan 48109-1109
Microinjection of the GABAA agonist muscimol in the
rostral medial accumbens shell in rats elicits appetitive eating
behavior, but in the caudal shell instead elicits fearful defensive
treading behavior. To further test the hypothesis that rostral shell
muscimol microinjections produce positive motivational states, whereas caudal shell muscimol produces negative states, we measured behavioral place preference/avoidance conditioning and affective hedonic and
aversive orofacial expressions of taste-elicited "liking" and
"disliking" (gapes, etc.) in addition to fear and feeding behaviors. Farthest rostral muscimol microinjections (75 ng) caused increased eating behavior and also caused positive conditioned place
preferences and increased positive hedonic reactions to the taste of
sucrose. By contrast, caudal shell microinjections elicited negative
defensive treading and caused robust negative conditioned place
avoidance and negative aversive reactions to sucrose or quinine tastes.
Intermediate rostral microinjections elicited effects of mixed
positive/negative valence (positive appetitive eating behavior but
negative place avoidance and negative taste reactions at mid-rostral
sites, and sometimes positive eating simultaneously with fearful
defensive treading more caudally). These results indicate that
GABAergic neurotransmission in local microcircuits in nucleus accumbens
mediates motivated/affective behavior that is bivalently organized
along rostrocaudal gradients.
Key words:
accumbens shell; GABA; food intake; reward; appetite; ingestive behavior; motivation; glutamate; mesolimbic; extended
amygdala; pallidal; dopamine; glutamate; fear; defense; muscimol; microinjection; taste; palatability; pleasure; affect; aversion
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22167308-13$05.00/0
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