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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 1, 2002, 22(21):9340-9351
Abundant Tau Filaments and Nonapoptotic Neurodegeneration in
Transgenic Mice Expressing Human P301S Tau Protein
Bridget
Allen1, *,
Esther
Ingram2, *,
Masaki
Takao3, *,
Michael J.
Smith1,
Ross
Jakes1,
Kanwar
Virdee1,
Hirotaka
Yoshida1,
Max
Holzer1,
Molly
Craxton1,
Piers C.
Emson4,
Cristiana
Atzori5,
Antonio
Migheli5,
R. Anthony
Crowther1,
Bernardino
Ghetti3,
Maria Grazia
Spillantini2, and
Michel
Goedert1
1 Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular
Biology, Cambridge CB2 2QH, United Kingdom, 2 Brain Repair
Centre and Department of Neurology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
CB2 2PY, United Kingdom, 3 Department of Pathology and
Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana
46202-5120, 4 Department of Neurobiology, Babraham
Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, United Kingdom, and
5 Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Neuroscience,
University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
The identification of mutations in the Tau gene in
frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) has made it possible to express human tau protein with
pathogenic mutations in transgenic animals. Here we report on the
production and characterization of a line of mice transgenic for the
383 aa isoform of human tau with the P301S mutation. At 5-6 months of
age, homozygous animals from this line developed a neurological phenotype dominated by a severe paraparesis. According to light microscopy, many nerve cells in brain and spinal cord were strongly immunoreactive for hyperphosphorylated tau. According to electron microscopy, abundant filaments made of hyperphosphorylated tau protein
were present. The majority of filaments resembled the half-twisted
ribbons described previously in cases of FTDP-17, with a minority of
filaments resembling the paired helical filaments of Alzheimer's
disease. Sarkosyl-insoluble tau from brains and spinal cords of
transgenic mice ran as a hyperphosphorylated 64 kDa band, the same
apparent molecular mass as that of the 383 aa tau isoform in the human
tauopathies. Perchloric acid-soluble tau was also phosphorylated at
many sites, with the notable exception of serine 214. In the spinal
cord, neurodegeneration was present, as indicated by a 49% reduction
in the number of motor neurons. No evidence for apoptosis was obtained,
despite the extensive colocalization of hyperphosphorylated tau protein
with activated MAP kinase family members. The latter may be involved in
the hyperphosphorylation of tau.
Key words:
hyperphosphorylation; MAP kinase family; neurodegeneration; tauopathy; tau filaments; Tau gene mutations
*
B.A., E.I., and M.T. contributed equally to this work.
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/22219340-12$05.00/0
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