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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 15, 2002, 22(22):9990-9996

Time Course of Error Detection and Correction in Humans: Neurophysiological Evidence

Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells, Arthur R. Kurzbuch, and Thomas F. Münte

Department of Neuropsychology, Otto von Guericke University, 39112 Magdeburg, Germany

Using event-related brain potentials, the time course of error detection and correction was studied in healthy human subjects. A feedforward model of error correction was used to predict the timing properties of the error and corrective movements. Analysis of the multichannel recordings focused on (1) the error-related negativity (ERN) seen immediately after errors in response- and stimulus-locked averages and (2) on the lateralized readiness potential (LRP) reflecting motor preparation. Comparison of the onset and time course of the ERN and LRP components showed that the signs of corrective activity preceded the ERN. Thus, error correction was implemented before or at least in parallel with the appearance of the ERN component. Also, the amplitude of the ERN component was increased for errors, followed by fast corrective movements. The results are compatible with recent views considering the ERN component as the output of an evaluative system engaged in monitoring motor conflict.

Key words: error correction; error detection; error-related negativity; ERN; lateralized readiness potential; LRP; response conflict; event-related brain potentials; ERPs

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Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/02/22229990-07$05.00/0

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