 |
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
|
|||||
Previous Article | Next Article
The Journal of Neuroscience, December 15, 2002, 22(24):10819-10828
Functional Heterogeneity in Human Olfactory Cortex: An Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Jay A. Gottfried, Ralf Deichmann, Joel S. Winston, and Raymond J. Dolan Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
Studies of patients with focal brain injury indicate that smell perception involves caudal orbitofrontal and medial temporal cortices, but a more precise functional organization has not been characterized. In addition, although it is believed that odors are potent triggers of emotion, support for an anatomical association is scant. We sought to define the neural substrates of human olfactory information processing and determine how these are modulated by affective properties of odors. We used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in an olfactory version of a classical conditioning paradigm, whereby neutral faces were paired with pleasant, neutral, or unpleasant odors, under 50% reinforcement. By comparing paired (odor/face) and unpaired (face only) conditions, odor-evoked neural activations could be isolated specifically. In primary olfactory (piriform) cortex, spatially and temporally dissociable responses were identified along a rostrocaudal axis. A nonhabituating response in posterior piriform cortex was tuned to all odors, whereas activity in anterior piriform cortex reflected sensitivity to odor affect. Bilateral amygdala activation was elicited by all odors, regardless of valence. In posterior orbitofrontal cortex, neural responses evoked by pleasant and unpleasant odors were segregated within medial and lateral segments, respectively. The results indicate functional heterogeneity in areas critical to human olfaction. They also show that brain regions mediating emotional processing are differentially activated by odor valence, providing evidence for a close anatomical coupling between olfactory and emotional processes.
Key words: olfaction; odor; emotion; neuroimaging; fMRI; piriform cortex; olfactory cortex; amygdala; orbitofrontal cortex
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/222410819-10$05.00/0
This article has been cited by other articles:
W. Zhou and D. Chen
Encoding Human Sexual Chemosensory Cues in the Orbitofrontal and Fusiform Cortices
J. Neurosci., December 31, 2008; 28(53): 14416 - 14421.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
E. D. Huey, R. Zahn, F. Krueger, J. Moll, D. Kapogiannis, E. M. Wassermann, and J. Grafman
A Psychological and Neuroanatomical Model of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, November 1, 2008; 20(4): 390 - 408.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H. Shiga, Y. Kinoshita, K. Washiyama, D. Ogawa, R. Amano, K. Hirota, T. Tsukatani, M. Furukawa, and T. Miwa
Odor Detection Ability and Thallium-201 Transport in the Olfactory Nerve of Traumatic Olfactory-Impaired Mice
Chem Senses, September 1, 2008; 33(7): 633 - 637.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H. Berglund, P. Lindstrom, C. Dhejne-Helmy, and I. Savic
Male-to-Female Transsexuals Show Sex-Atypical Hypothalamus Activation When Smelling Odorous Steroids
Cereb Cortex, August 1, 2008; 18(8): 1900 - 1908.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Plailly, J. D. Howard, D. R. Gitelman, and J. A. Gottfried
Attention to Odor Modulates Thalamocortical Connectivity in the Human Brain
J. Neurosci., May 14, 2008; 28(20): 5257 - 5267.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
F. Grabenhorst, E. T. Rolls, C. Margot, M. A. A. P. da Silva, and M. I. Velazco
How Pleasant and Unpleasant Stimuli Combine in Different Brain Regions: Odor Mixtures
J. Neurosci., December 5, 2007; 27(49): 13532 - 13540.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. Bensafi, N. Sobel, and R. M. Khan
Hedonic-Specific Activity in Piriform Cortex During Odor Imagery Mimics That During Odor Perception
J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2007; 98(6): 3254 - 3262.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Frasnelli, B. Schuster, and T. Hummel
Interactions between Olfaction and the Trigeminal System: What Can Be Learned from Olfactory Loss
Cereb Cortex, October 1, 2007; 17(10): 2268 - 2275.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. M. Khan, C.-H. Luk, A. Flinker, A. Aggarwal, H. Lapid, R. Haddad, and N. Sobel
Predicting Odor Pleasantness from Odorant Structure: Pleasantness as a Reflection of the Physical World
J. Neurosci., September 12, 2007; 27(37): 10015 - 10023.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
I. T. Barbarossa, P. Muroni, M. D. Setzu, and A. M. Angioy
Dose-Dependent Nonassociative Olfactory Learning in a Fly
Chem Senses, July 1, 2007; 32(6): 535 - 541.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
O. Pollatos, R. Kopietz, J. Linn, J. Albrecht, V. Sakar, A. Anzinger, R. Schandry, and M. Wiesmann
Emotional Stimulation Alters Olfactory Sensitivity and Odor Judgment
Chem Senses, July 1, 2007; 32(6): 583 - 589.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. Zelano, J. Montag, B. Johnson, R. Khan, and N. Sobel
Dissociated Representations of Irritation and Valence in Human Primary Olfactory Cortex
J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2007; 97(3): 1969 - 1976.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. Lewis, H. Critchley, P Rotshtein, and R. Dolan
Neural Correlates of Processing Valence and Arousal in Affective Words
Cereb Cortex, March 1, 2007; 17(3): 742 - 748.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
H. Berglund, P. Lindstrom, and I. Savic
Brain response to putative pheromones in lesbian women
PNAS, May 23, 2006; 103(21): 8269 - 8274.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Jung, J. Hudry, P. Ryvlin, J.-P. Royet, O. Bertrand, and J.-P. Lachaux
Functional Significance of Olfactory-induced Oscillations in the Human Amygdala
Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2006; 16(1): 1 - 8.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. S. Winston, J. A. Gottfried, J. M. Kilner, and R. J. Dolan
Integrated Neural Representations of Odor Intensity and Affective Valence in Human Amygdala
J. Neurosci., September 28, 2005; 25(39): 8903 - 8907.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Masaoka, N. Koiwa, and I. Homma
Inspiratory phase-locked alpha oscillation in human olfaction: source generators estimated by a dipole tracing method
J. Physiol., August 1, 2005; 566(3): 979 - 997.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
R. A. Osterbauer, P. M. Matthews, M. Jenkinson, C. F. Beckmann, P. C. Hansen, and G. A. Calvert
Color of Scents: Chromatic Stimuli Modulate Odor Responses in the Human Brain
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2005; 93(6): 3434 - 3441.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. M. L. Cox, A. Andrade, and I. S. Johnsrude
Learning to Like: A Role for Human Orbitofrontal Cortex in Conditioned Reward
J. Neurosci., March 9, 2005; 25(10): 2733 - 2740.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P. M. G. Pereira, R. Insausti, E. Artacho-Perula, T. Salmenpera, R. Kalviainen, and A. Pitkanen
MR Volumetric Analysis of The Piriform Cortex and Cortical Amygdala in Drug-Refractory Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol., February 1, 2005; 26(2): 319 - 332.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
P.-M. Lledo, G. Gheusi, and J.-D. Vincent
Information Processing in the Mammalian Olfactory System
Physiol Rev, January 1, 2005; 85(1): 281 - 317.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J.-P. Royet and J. Plailly
Lateralization of Olfactory Processes
Chem Senses, October 1, 2004; 29(8): 731 - 745.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. M. Small, J. Voss, Y. E. Mak, K. B. Simmons, T. Parrish, and D. Gitelman
Experience-Dependent Neural Integration of Taste and Smell in the Human Brain
J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2004; 92(3): 1892 - 1903.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
T. W. Buchanan, D. Tranel, and R. Adolphs
A Specific Role for the Human Amygdala in Olfactory Memory
Learn. Mem., September 1, 2003; 10(5): 319 - 325.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. O'Doherty, H. Critchley, R. Deichmann, and R. J. Dolan
Dissociating Valence of Outcome from Behavioral Control in Human Orbital and Ventral Prefrontal Cortices
J. Neurosci., August 27, 2003; 23(21): 7931 - 7939.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. A. Gottfried, J. O'Doherty, and R. J. Dolan
Encoding Predictive Reward Value in Human Amygdala and Orbitofrontal Cortex
Science, August 22, 2003; 301(5636): 1104 - 1107.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. A. Gottfried, J. O'Doherty, and R. J. Dolan
Appetitive and Aversive Olfactory Learning in Humans Studied Using Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
J. Neurosci., December 15, 2002; 22(24): 10829 - 10837.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|