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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 1, 2002, 22(5):1914-1921
Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation Is Reduced by Chronic Opiate
Treatment and Can Be Restored by Re-Exposure to Opiates
Lu
Pu1, *,
Guo-Bin
Bao1, *,
Nan-Jie
Xu1,
Lan
Ma2, and
Gang
Pei1
1 Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological
Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's
Republic of China, and 2 National Laboratory of Medical
Neurobiology, Fudan University Medical Center, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
Chronic exposure to opiates eventually leads to drug addiction,
which is believed to involve maladaptive changes in brain function, but
the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain primarily unknown. Given the
known effects of opiates such as morphine and heroin on hippocampal
function, we investigated the potential effect of chronic opiate
treatment on long-term potentiation (LTP) at CA1 synapses in rat
hippocampus, a leading experimental model for studying synaptic
plasticity. Our results revealed that chronic exposure of rats to
morphine or heroin, which induced severe drug tolerance and dependence,
markedly reduced the capacity of hippocampal CA1 LTP during the period
of drug withdrawal (from ~190% in control to ~120%). More
interestingly, the capacity of LTP could be restored to the normal
level by re-exposure of the animals to opiates, indicating that the
synaptic function was already adapted to opiates. Morris water maze
test, which measures behavioral consequences of synaptic plasticity,
showed parallel learning deficits after chronic exposure to opiates.
Moreover, the opiate-reduced LTP could also be restored by inhibitors
of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), suggesting that upregulation
of cAMP pathway was likely one of the underlying mechanisms of the
observed phenomena. These findings demonstrated that chronic opiate
treatment can significantly modulate synaptic plasticity in the
hippocampus, leading to an opiate dependence of the plasticity.
Key words:
opiate; rat; hippocampus; long-term potentiation; cAMP; addiction
*
L.P. and G.-B.B. contributed equally to this work.
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/2251914-08$05.00/0
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