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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 1, 2002, 22(7):2855-2861
Synchronized Neuronal Discharge in the Basal Ganglia of Parkinsonian Patients Is Limited to Oscillatory Activity
Ron Levy1, William D. Hutchison1, 2, 3, Andres M. Lozano2, 3, and Jonathan O. Dostrovsky1, 3 1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8, 2 Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, The Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8, and 3 The Toronto Western Research Institute, The Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8
It has been proposed that an increase in synchronization between neurons in the basal ganglia contributes to the clinical features of Parkinson's disease (PD). To examine this hypothesis, we looked for correlations in the discharge activity of pairs of neurons in the globus pallidus internus (GPi), globus pallidus externus (GPe), and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr). Recordings were performed in PD patients undergoing functional stereotactic mapping for pallidotomy (eight patients) or subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (four patients). A double-microelectrode setup was used to simultaneously record from neurons separated by distances as small as 250 µm. In the five pallidotomy patients without limb tremor during the procedure, none of the 73 GPi pairs and 15 GPe pairs displayed synchronous activity. In the three pallidotomy patients with limb tremor, 6 of 21 GPi pairs and 5 of 29 GPe pairs displayed oscillatory synchronization in the frequency range of the ongoing limb tremor (3-6 Hz) or at higher frequencies (15-30 Hz). Synchronized activity was not observed in the SNr (10 pairs). The findings indicate that oscillatory synchronization between pairs of GPi or GPe neurons is found in patients with limb tremor. These results also suggest that overt neuronal synchronization, which may be attributable to an increase in direct synaptic connections or common collateral afferent inputs, is not present in the basal ganglia of patients with PD.
Key words: Parkinson's disease; globus pallidus; subthalamic nucleus; substantia nigra pars reticulata; synchronization; limb tremor
Copyright © 2002 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/02/2272855-07$05.00/0
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