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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 15, 2003, 23(10):4219-4227
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Delayed Systemic Nogo-66 Receptor Antagonist Promotes Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury
Shuxin Li and
Stephen M. Strittmatter
Department of Neurology and Section of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
Traumatized axons possess an extremely limited ability to regenerate within the adult mammalian CNS. The myelin-derived axon outgrowth inhibitors Nogo, oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein, and myelin-associated glycoprotein, all bind to an axonal Nogo-66 receptor (NgR) and at least partially account for this lack of CNS repair. Although the intrathecal application of an NgR competitive antagonist at the time of spinal cord hemisection induces significant regeneration of corticospinal axons, such immediate local therapy may not be as clinically feasible for cases of spinal cord injury. Here, we consider whether this approach can be adapted to systemic therapy in a postinjury therapeutic time window. Subcutaneous treatment with the NgR antagonist peptide NEP140 (Nogo extracellular peptide, residues 140) results in extensive growth of corticospinal axons, sprouting of serotonergic fibers, upregulation of axonal growth protein SPRR1A (small proline-rich repeat protein 1A), and synapse re-formation. Locomotor recovery after thoracic spinal cord injury is enhanced. Furthermore, delaying the initiation of systemic NEP140 administration for up to 1 week after cord lesions does not limit the degree of axon sprouting and functional recovery. This indicates that the regenerative capacity of transected corticospinal tract axons persists for weeks after injury. Systemic Nogo-66 receptor antagonists have therapeutic potential for subacute CNS axonal injuries such as spinal cord trauma.
Key words: Nogo; Nogo-66 receptor antagonist; axon regeneration; spinal cord injury; trauma; serotonergic fiber; SPRR1A; NEP140 peptide
Received Jan. 7, 2003;
revised Feb. 26, 2003;
accepted Feb. 27, 2003.
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