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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 13, 2003, 23(19):7368-7375
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Absence of Tissue Plasminogen Activator Gene or Activity Impairs Mouse Cerebellar Motor Learning
Nicholas W. Seeds,
Mark E. Basham, and
Jayne E. Ferguson
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado
Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262
Motor learning is thought to involve modulation of synaptic inputs in the
cerebellar cortex, including granule neuron/Purkinje neuron contacts. During a
complex motor task requiring mice to walk across irregularly spaced pegs,
cerebellar granule neurons show a rapid and transient induction of mRNA for
the extracellular protease tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). This induction
of tPA mRNA is cerebellar specific, is not seen in the cerebella of exercised
or stressed animals, and is distinct from simple performance phenomena.
Knock-out mice lacking the tPA gene show a significant reduction in both rate
and extent of learning. Furthermore, blocking tPA activity during training
dramatically impaired motor learning. Thus, tPA plays an important role in
motor learning, in which tPA may facilitate remodeling of the active synaptic
zone.
Key words: tPA mRNA; protease inhibitor; PAI-1; granule neuron; synaptic plasticity; memory
Received Apr. 3, 2003;
revised Jun. 5, 2003;
accepted Jun. 17, 2003.
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