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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 15, 2003, 23(2):666-675
The Effect of Lesions of the Basolateral Amygdala on Instrumental Conditioning
Bernard W. Balleine1, A. Simon Killcross2, and Anthony Dickinson3 1 Department of Psychology and the Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1563, 2 School of Psychology, University of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom CF10 3XQ, and 3 Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge United Kingdom CB2 3EB
In three experiments, we assessed the effect of lesions of the amygdala basolateral complex (BLA) on instrumental conditioning in rats. In experiment 1, the lesion had no effect on the acquisition of either lever pressing or chain pulling in food-deprived rats whether these actions earned food pellets or a maltodextrin solution. The lesion did attenuate, however, the impact of outcome devaluation, induced by sensory-specific satiety, on instrumental performance both when assessed in extinction and when reward was delivered contingent on instrumental performance. In experiment 2, evidence was found to suggest that the lesioned rats differed from shams in their ability to encode the specific action-outcome contingencies to which they were exposed during training: lesioned rats failed to adjust their performance appropriately when the action-outcome contingency was degraded. These effects were not caused by an inability of BLA lesioned rats to discriminate the two instrumental actions; these rats were similar to shams in their acquisition of a heterogeneous instrumental chain involving lever pressing and chain pulling (experiment 3). In experiment 4, however, lesions of the BLA were found to produce a deficit in the ability of rats to use the specific properties of the instrumental outcomes used in the previous experiments to discriminate rewarded from unrewarded actions in a free operant discrimination situation. Together these results suggest that in instrumental conditioning, the BLA mediates outcome encoding, specifically relating the sensory features of nutritive commodities to the emotional consequences induced by their consumption.
Key words: instrumental conditioning; basolateral nucleus; amygdala; reinforcer devaluation; sensory specific-satiety; incentive learning; contingency; reward
Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/03/232666-10$05.00/0
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