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The Journal of Neuroscience, August 27, 2003, 23(21):7750-7758
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Submillisecond Precision of the Input-Output Transformation Function Mediated by Fast Sodium Dendritic Spikes in Basal Dendrites of CA1 Pyramidal Neurons
Gal Ariav,
Alon Polsky, and
Jackie Schiller
Department of Physiology, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion,
Haifa 31096, Israel
The ability of cortical neurons to perform temporally accurate computations
has been shown to be important for encoding of information in the cortex;
however, cortical neurons are expected to be imprecise temporal encoders
because of the stochastic nature of synaptic transmission and ion channel
gating, dendritic filtering, and background synaptic noise. Here we show for
the first time that fast local spikes in basal dendrites can serve to improve
the temporal precision of neuronal output. Integration of coactivated,
spatially distributed synaptic inputs produces temporally imprecise output
action potentials within a time window of several milliseconds. In contrast,
integration of closely spaced basal inputs initiates local dendritic spikes
that amplify and sharpen the summed somatic potential. In turn, these fast
basal spikes allow precise timing of output action potentials with
submillisecond temporal jitter over a wide range of activation intensities and
background synaptic noise. Our findings indicate that fast spikes initiated in
individual basal dendrites can serve as precise "timers" of output
action potentials in various network activity states and thus may contribute
to temporal coding in the cortex.
Key words: dendrites; submillisecond; temporal coding; spike; cortex; synaptic integration
Received Jan 13, 2003;
revised June 27, 2003;
accepted June 30, 2003.
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