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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 10, 2003, 23(23):8185-8192

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IP₃ Receptors and Associated Ca²⁺ Signals Localize to Satellite Cells and to Components of the Neuromuscular Junction in Skeletal Muscle

Jeanne A. Powell, ¹ Jordi Molgó,² Dany S. Adams,¹ Cesare Colasante,² Aislinn Williams,¹ MacKenzie Bohlen,¹ and Enrique Jaimovich³

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts 01063, ²Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Unité Propre de Recherche 9040, Institut Fédératif de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198-Gif sur Yvette cedex, France, and ³Centro de Estudios Moleculares de la Célula, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70005, Santiago 6530499, Chile

Recently, we described an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP₃) signaling system in cultured rodent skeletal muscle, triggered by high K⁺ and affecting gene transcription (Powell et al., 2001). Now, in a study of adult rodent skeletal muscle, using immunocytology and confocal microscopy, we have found a high level of IP₃ receptor (IP₃R) staining in satellite cells, which have been shown recently to contribute to nuclei in adult fibers after muscle exercise. These IP₃R staining cells are positively identified as satellite cells by their position, morphology and staining with satellite-cell-specific antibodies such as desmin and neural cell adhesion molecule. IP₃Rs are also localized to postsynaptic components of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), in areas surrounding the nuclei of the motor end plate, and in perisynaptic Schwann cells, and localized close to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the endplate gutters. Ca²⁺ imaging experiments show calcium release at the motor endplate upon K⁺ depolarization precisely in these IP₃R-rich regions. We suggest that electrical activity stimulates IP₃-associated Ca²⁺ signals that may be involved in gene regulation in satellite cells and in elements of the NMJ, contributing both to muscle fiber growth and stabilization of the NMJ.

Key words: subsynaptic nuclei; fundamental nuclei; perisynaptic Schwann cells; Ca²⁺ signals; gene expression; nerve-muscle interaction

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Received Dec 16, 2002; revised May 22, 2003; accepted July 8, 2003.

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