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The Journal of Neuroscience, September 17, 2003, 23(24):8558-8567
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Cellular/Molecular
Supralinear Ca2+ Influx into Dendritic Tufts of Layer 2/3 Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons In Vitro and In Vivo
Jack Waters, Matthew Larkum, Bert Sakmann, andFritjof Helmchen Abteilung Zellphysiologie, Max-Planck-Institut für medizinische Forschung, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Pyramidal neurons in layer 2/3 of the neocortex are central to cortical circuitry, but the intrinsic properties of their dendrites are poorly understood. Here we study layer 2/3 apical dendrites in parallel experiments in acute brain slices and in anesthetized rats using whole-cell recordings and Ca2+ imaging. We find that backpropagation of action potentials into the dendritic arbor is actively supported by Na+ channels both in vitro and in vivo. Single action potentials evoke substantial Ca2+ influx in the apical trunk but little or none in the dendritic tuft. Supralinear Ca2+ influx is produced in the tuft, however, when an action potential is paired with synaptic input. This dendritic supralinearity enables layer 2/3 neurons to integrate ascending sensory input from layer 4 and associative input to layer 1.
Key words: neocortex; dendrite; two-photon; calcium; layer 2/3; backpropagation
Received June 7, 2003; revised July 15, 2003; accepted July 15, 2003.
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