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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 22, 2003, 23(29):9687-9695

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 Previous Article

Development/Plasticity/Repair
Sleep Deprivation Causes Behavioral, Synaptic, and Membrane Excitability Alterations in Hippocampal Neurons

Carmel M. McDermott,¹ Gerald J. LaHoste,^1,2 Chu Chen,¹ Alberto Musto,¹ Nicolas G. Bazan,¹ and Jeffrey C. Magee¹

¹Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70115, and ²Psychology Department, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148

Although the function of sleep remains elusive, several lines of evidence suggest that sleep has an important role in learning and memory. In light of the available data and with the prevalence of sleep deprivation (SD), we sought to determine the effect of SD on neuronal functioning. We found that the exposure of rats to 72 hr of primarily rapid eye movement SD impaired their subsequent performance on a hippocampus-dependent spatial learning task but had no effect on an amygdala-dependent learning task. To determine the underlying cellular level mechanisms of this hippocampal deficit, we examined the impact of SD on several fundamental aspects of membrane excitability and synaptic physiology in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons and dentate gyrus granule cells. We found that neuronal excitability was severely reduced in CA1 neurons but not in granule cells and that the production of long-term potentiation of synaptic strength was inhibited in both areas. Using multiple SD methods we further attempted to differentiate the effects of sleep deprivation from those associated with the nonspecific stress induced by the sleep deprivation methods. Together these data suggest that failure to acquire adequate sleep produces several molecular and cellular level alterations that profoundly inhibit hippocampal functioning.

Key words: sleep deprivation; stress; hippocampus; LTP; membrane excitability; spike frequency adaptation; memory

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Received June 23, 2003; revised June 23, 2003; accepted August 29, 2003.

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