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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 5, 2003, 23(31):9996-10001
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BRIEF COMMUNICATION
Multipolar Migration: The Third Mode of Radial Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex
Hidenori Tabata1,2 andKazunori Nakajima1,2,3 1Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan, 2Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of DNA Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan, and 3Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
Two distinct modes of radial neuronal migration, locomotion and somal translocation, have been reported in the developing cerebral cortex. Although these two modes of migration have been well documented, the cortical intermediate zone contains abundant multipolar cells, and they do not resemble the cells migrating by locomotion or somal translocation. Here, we report that these multipolar cells express neuronal markers and extend multiple thin processes in various directions independently of the radial glial fibers. Time-lapse analysis of living slices revealed that the multipolar cells do not have any fixed cell polarity, and that they very dynamically extend and retract multiple processes as their cell bodies slowly move. They do not usually move straight toward the pial surface during their radial migration, but instead frequently change migration direction and rate; sometimes they even remain in almost the same position, especially when they are in the subventricular zone. Occasionally, the multipolar cells jump tangentially during their radial migration. Because the migration modality of these cells clearly differs from locomotion or somal translocation, we refer to their novel type of migration as "multipolar migration." In view of the high proportion of cells exhibiting multipolar migration, this third mode of radial migration must be an important type of migration in the developing cortex.
Key words: cerebral cortex; neuronal migration; radial glial fiber; multipolar cell; mouse; intermediate zone
Received Aug 7, 2003; revised September 10, 2003; accepted September 13, 2003.
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