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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 1, 2003, 23(5):1557
BRIEF COMMUNICATION
The Wake-Promoting Hypocretin-Orexin Neurons Are in an Intrinsic State of Membrane DepolarizationEmmanuel Eggermann1, *, Laurence Bayer1, *, Mauro Serafin1, *, Benoît Saint-Mleux1, Laurent Bernheim1, Danièle Machard1, Barbara E. Jones2, and Michel Mühlethaler1 1 Département de Physiologie, Centre Médical Universitaire, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, and 2 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
Wakefulness depends on the activity of hypocretin-orexin neurons because their lesion results in narcolepsy. How these neurons maintain their activity to promote wakefulness is not known. Here, by recording for the first time from hypocretin-orexin neurons and comparing their properties with those of neurons expressing melanin-concentrating hormone, we show that hypocretin-orexin neurons are in an intrinsic state of membrane depolarization that promotes their spontaneous activity. We propose that wakefulness and associated energy expenditure thus depend on that property, which allows the hypocretin-orexin neurons to maintain a tonic excitatory influence on the central arousal and peripheral sympathetic systems.
Key words: arousal; melanin-concentrating hormone; MCH; rat; sleep; wakefulness
* E.E., L.B., and M.S. contributed equally to this work.
Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/03/2351557-06$05.00/0
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