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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 1, 2003, 23(5):1804

Redistribution of Syntaxin mRNA in Neuronal Cell Bodies Regulates Protein Expression and Transport during Synapse Formation and Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity

Jiang-Yuan Hu, Xu Meng, and Samuel Schacher

Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032

Syntaxin has an important role in regulating vesicle docking and fusion essential for neurotransmitter release. Here, we demonstrate that the distribution of syntaxin mRNA in cell bodies of sensory neurons (SNs) of Aplysia maintained in cell culture is affected by synapse formation, synapse stabilization, and long-term facilitation (LTF) produced by 5-HT. The distribution of the mRNA in turn regulates expression and axonal transport of the protein. Syntaxin mRNA and protein accumulated at the axon hillock of SNs during the initial phase of synapse formation. Significant numbers of granules containing syntaxin were detected in the SN axon. When synaptic strength was stable, both mRNA and protein were targeted away from the axon hillock, and the number of syntaxin granules in the SN axon was reduced. Dramatic increases in mRNA and protein accumulation at the axon hillock and number of syntaxin granules in the SN axon were produced when cultures with stable connections were treated with 5-HT that evoked LTF. Anisomycin (protein synthesis inhibitor) or KT5720 (protein kinase A inhibitor) blocked LTF, accumulation of syntaxin mRNA and protein at the axon hillock, and the increase in syntaxin granules in SN axons. The results indicate that without significant effects on overall mRNA expression, both target interaction and 5-HT via activation of protein kinase A pathway regulate expression of syntaxin and its packaging for transport into axons by influencing the distribution of its mRNA in the SN cell body.

Key words: syntaxin; mRNA localization; protein expression; axonal transport; sensory neurons; cell culture; Aplysia

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Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience  0270-6474/03/2351804-12$05.00/0

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