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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 15, 2003, 23(6):2203
Heat Shock Protein 70 Chaperone Overexpression Ameliorates
Phenotypes of the Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy Transgenic Mouse
Model by Reducing Nuclear-Localized Mutant Androgen Receptor Protein
Hiroaki
Adachi1,
Masahisa
Katsuno1,
Makoto
Minamiyama1,
Chen
Sang1,
Gerassimos
Pagoulatos2,
Charalampos
Angelidis2,
Moriaki
Kusakabe3,
Atsushi
Yoshiki4,
Yasushi
Kobayashi1,
Manabu
Doyu1, and
Gen
Sobue1
1 Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate
School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan,
2 Department of General Biology, University of
Ioannina, School of Medicine, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece,
3 ANB Tsukuba Institute, ALOKA Company, Ltd., 1103 Fukaya, Kasumigaura, Niihari, Ibaraki 300-0134, Japan, and
4 Experimental Animal Division, Department of Biological
Systems, BioResource Center, The Institute of Physical and Chemical
Research (RIKEN) Tsukuba Institute 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki
305-0074, Japan
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an inherited motor
neuron disease caused by the expansion of the polyglutamine (polyQ)
tract within the androgen receptor (AR). The nuclear inclusions consisting of the mutant AR protein are characteristic and combine with
many components of ubiquitin-proteasome and molecular chaperone pathways, raising the possibility that misfolding and altered degradation of mutant AR may be involved in the pathogenesis. We have
reported that the overexpression of heat shock protein (HSP) chaperones
reduces mutant AR aggregation and cell death in a neuronal cell model
(Kobayashi et al., 2000). To determine whether increasing the
expression level of chaperone improves the phenotype in a mouse model,
we cross-bred SBMA transgenic mice with mice overexpressing the
inducible form of human HSP70. We demonstrated that high expression of
HSP70 markedly ameliorated the motor function of the SBMA model mice.
In double-transgenic mice, the nuclear-localized mutant AR protein,
particularly that of the large complex form, was significantly reduced.
Monomeric mutant AR was also reduced in amount by HSP70 overexpression, suggesting the enhanced degradation of mutant AR. These findings suggest that HSP70 overexpression ameliorates SBMA phenotypes in mice
by reducing nuclear-localized mutant AR, probably caused by enhanced
mutant AR degradation. Our study may provide the basis for the
development of an HSP70-related therapy for SBMA and other polyQ diseases.
Key words:
HSP70; chaperone; polyglutamine; SBMA; transgenic
mice; protein degradation
Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/03/2362203-09$05.00/0
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