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The Journal of Neuroscience, April 1, 2003, 23(7):2726
Somatodendritic Secretion in Oxytocin Neurons Is Upregulated
during the Female Reproductive Cycle
Christiaan P. J.
de Kock1,
Keimpe D. B.
Wierda1,
Laurens W. J.
Bosman1,
Rogier
Min1,
Jan-Jurjen
Koksma1,
Huibert D.
Mansvelder1,
Matthijs
Verhage2, and
Arjen B.
Brussaard1
Departments of 1 Experimental Neurophysiology and
2 Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and
Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
During the female reproductive cycle, hypothalamic oxytocin (OT)
neurons undergo sharp changes in excitability. In lactating mammals,
bursts of electrical activity of OT neurons result in the release of
large amounts of OT in the bloodstream, which causes milk ejection. One
hypothesis is that OT neurons regulate their own firing activity and
that of nearby OT neurons by somatodendritic release of OT. In this
study, we show that OT neuron activity strongly reduces inhibitory
synaptic transmission to these neurons. This effect is blocked by
antagonists of both adenosine and OT receptors and is mimicked by OT
application. Inhibition of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein
receptor complex formation by tetanus toxin completely blocked
the stimulation-induced reduction in inhibitory input, as did the
calcium chelator BAPTA. During lactation, the readily releasable pool
of secretory vesicles in OT cell bodies was doubled, and calcium
currents were upregulated. This resulted in an increased inhibition of
GABAergic synaptic transmission by somatodendritic release during
lactation compared with the adult virgin stage. These results
demonstrate that somatodendritic release is augmented during lactation,
which is a novel form of plasticity to change the strength of synaptic transmission.
Key words:
supraoptic nucleus; reproduction; GABAA; capacitance measurements; oxytocin; synaptic
transmission; readily releasable pool
Copyright © 2003 Society for Neuroscience 0270-6474/03/2372726-09$05.00/0
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