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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 12, 2004, 24(19):4596-4604; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5517-03.2004

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Interaction between Perirhinal and Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Required for Temporal Order But Not Recognition Memory for Objects in Rats

Darren K. Hannesson,¹ John G. Howland,² and Anthony G. Phillips²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada S4S 0A2, and ²Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 2A1

The present study investigated the roles of the perirhinal cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, and intrahemispheric interactions between them in recognition and temporal order memory for objects. Experiment 1 assessed the effects of bilateral microinfusions of the sodium channel blocker lidocaine into either the anterior perirhinal or medial prefrontal cortex immediately before memory testing in a familiarity discrimination task and a recency discrimination task, both of which involved spontaneous exploration of objects. Inactivation of the perirhinal cortex disrupted performance in both tasks, whereas inactivation of the medial prefrontal cortex disrupted performance in the recency, but not the familiarity, discrimination task. In a second experiment, the importance of intrahemispheric interactions between these structures in temporal order memory were assessed by comparing the effects of unilateral inactivation of either structure alone with those of crossed unilateral inactivation of both structures on the recency discrimination task. Crossed unilateral inactivation of both structures produced a significant impairment, whereas inactivation of either structure alone produced little or no impairment. Collectively, these findings suggest that the perirhinal cortex, but not the medial prefrontal cortex, contributes to retrieval of information necessary for long-term object recognition, whereas both structures, via intrahemispheric interactions between them, contribute to retrieval of information necessary for long-term object temporal order memory. These data are consistent with models in which attributed information is stored in posterior cortical sites and supports lower-order mnemonic functions (e.g., recognition memory) but can also be retrieved and further processed via interactions with the prefrontal cortex to support higher-order mnemonic functions (e.g., temporal order memory).

Key words: anterior cingulate; prelimbic cortex; memory systems; retrieval; object memory; temporal order memory

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Received Dec 15, 2003; revised February 25, 2004; accepted March 29, 2004.

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