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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 28, 2004, 24(30):6816-6825; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1449-04.2004

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Neurobiology of Disease
On the Activity of the Corticostriatal Networks during Spike-and-Wave Discharges in a Genetic Model of Absence Epilepsy

Seán J. Slaght,^1,2 Tamar Paz,¹ Mario Chavez,³ Jean-Michel Deniau,¹ Séverine Mahon,¹ and Stéphane Charpier¹

¹Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U114, Chaire de Neuropharmacologie, Collège de France, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, ²Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3US, United Kingdom, and ³Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et d'Imagerie Cérébrale, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpétrière, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 640, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France

Absence seizures are characterized by impairment of consciousness associated with widespread bilaterally synchronous spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in the electroencephalogram (EEG), which reflect highly synchronized oscillations in thalamocortical networks. Although recent pharmacological studies suggest that the basal ganglia could provide a remote control system for absence seizures, the mechanisms of propagation of epileptic discharges in these subcortical nuclei remain unknown. In the present study, we provide the first description of the electrical events in the corticostriatal pathway during spontaneous SWDs in the genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), a genetic model of absence epilepsy. In corticostriatal neurons, the SWDs were associated with suprathreshold rhythmic depolarizations in-phase with local EEG spikes. Consistent with this synchronized firing in their excitatory cortical afferents, striatal output neurons (SONs) exhibited, during SWDs, large-amplitude rhythmic synaptic depolarizations. However, SONs did not discharge during SWDs. Instead, the rhythmic synaptic excitation of SONs was shunted by a Cl^--dependent increase in membrane conductance that was temporally correlated with bursts of action potentials in striatal GABAergic interneurons. The reduced SON excitability accompanying absence seizures may participate in the control of SWDs by affecting the flow of cortical information within the basal ganglia circuits.

Key words: basal ganglia; corticostriatal neurons; GABAergic interneurons; GAERS; striatum; shunting inhibition

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Received April 17, 2004; revised June 7, 2004; accepted June 9, 2004.

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