 |
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
The Journal of Neuroscience, September 29, 2004, 24(39):8441-8453; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1400-04.2004
Previous Article | Next Article
Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
A Quantitative Map of the Circuit of Cat Primary Visual Cortex
Tom Binzegger,1,2 Rodney J. Douglas,1 andKevan A. C. Martin1 1Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich, and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland, and 2Henry Wellcome Building for Neuroecology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
We developed a quantitative description of the circuits formed in cat area 17 by estimating the "weight" of the projections between different neuronal types. To achieve this, we made three-dimensional reconstructions of 39 single neurons and thalamic afferents labeled with horseradish peroxidase during intracellular recordings in vivo. These neurons served as representatives of the different types and provided the morphometrical data about the laminar distribution of the dendritic trees and synaptic boutons and the number of synapses formed by a given type of neuron. Extensive searches of the literature provided the estimates of numbers of the different neuronal types and their distribution across the cortical layers. Applying the simplification that synapses between different cell types are made in proportion to the boutons and dendrites that those cell types contribute to the neuropil in a given layer, we were able to estimate the probable source and number of synapses made between neurons in the six layers. The predicted synaptic maps were quantitatively close to the estimates derived from the experimental electron microscopic studies for the case of the main sources of excitatory and inhibitory input to the spiny stellate cells, which form a major target of layer 4 afferents. The map of the whole cortical circuit shows that there are very few "strong" but many "weak" excitatory projections, each of which may involve only a few percentage of the total complement of excitatory synapses of a single neuron.
Key words: cell types; cell reconstruction; interlaminar connectivity; synaptic weights; connectivity rule; laminar distribution
Received April 14, 2004; revised July 28, 2004; accepted July 28, 2004.
This article has been cited by other articles:
S. Mikula and E. Niebur
Exact Solutions for Rate and Synchrony in Recurrent Networks of Coincidence Detectors
Neural Comput., November 1, 2008; 20(11): 2637 - 2661.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. E. J. Cheetham, M. S. L. Hammond, R. McFarlane, and G. T. Finnerty
Altered Sensory Experience Induces Targeted Rewiring of Local Excitatory Connections in Mature Neocortex
J. Neurosci., September 10, 2008; 28(37): 9249 - 9260.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. P. J. de Kock and B. Sakmann
High frequency action potential bursts (>= 100 Hz) in L2/3 and L5B thick tufted neurons in anaesthetized and awake rat primary somatosensory cortex
J. Physiol., July 15, 2008; 586(14): 3353 - 3364.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K.-H. Cho, H.-J. Jang, E.-H. Lee, S. H. Yoon, S. J. Hahn, Y.-H. Jo, M.-S. Kim, and D.-J. Rhie
Differential Cholinergic Modulation of Ca2+ Transients Evoked by Backpropagating Action Potentials in Apical and Basal Dendrites of Cortical Pyramidal Neurons
J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2008; 99(6): 2833 - 2843.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
B. de Celis Alonso, A. S. Lowe, J. P. Dear, K. C. Lee, S. C. R. Williams, and G. T. Finnerty
Sensory Inputs from Whisking Movements Modify Cortical Whisker Maps Visualized with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Cereb Cortex, June 1, 2008; 18(6): 1314 - 1325.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Vierling-Claassen, P. Siekmeier, S. Stufflebeam, and N. Kopell
Modeling GABA Alterations in Schizophrenia: A Link Between Impaired Inhibition and Altered Gamma and Beta Range Auditory Entrainment
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2008; 99(5): 2656 - 2671.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. I. Buia and P. H. Tiesinga
Role of Interneuron Diversity in the Cortical Microcircuit for Attention
J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2008; 99(5): 2158 - 2182.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
E. M. Izhikevich and G. M. Edelman
Large-scale model of mammalian thalamocortical systems
PNAS, March 4, 2008; 105(9): 3593 - 3598.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
A. Stepanyants, J. A. Hirsch, L. M. Martinez, Z. F. Kisvarday, A. S. Ferecsko, and D. B. Chklovskii
Local Potential Connectivity in Cat Primary Visual Cortex
Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2008; 18(1): 13 - 28.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. D. Van Hooser
Similarity and Diversity in Visual Cortex: Is There a Unifying Theory of Cortical Computation?
Neuroscientist, December 1, 2007; 13(6): 639 - 656.
[Abstract] [PDF]
T. Binzegger, R. J. Douglas, and K. A. C. Martin
Stereotypical Bouton Clustering of Individual Neurons in Cat Primary Visual Cortex
J. Neurosci., November 7, 2007; 27(45): 12242 - 12254.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Banitt, K. A. C. Martin, and I. Segev
A Biologically Realistic Model of Contrast Invariant Orientation Tuning by Thalamocortical Synaptic Depression
J. Neurosci., September 19, 2007; 27(38): 10230 - 10239.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Torres-Reveron and M. J. Friedlander
Properties of Persistent Postnatal Cortical Subplate Neurons
J. Neurosci., September 12, 2007; 27(37): 9962 - 9974.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
J. Heinzle, K. Hepp, and K. A. C. Martin
A Microcircuit Model of the Frontal Eye Fields
J. Neurosci., August 29, 2007; 27(35): 9341 - 9353.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
M. E. Larkum, J. Waters, B. Sakmann, and F. Helmchen
Dendritic Spikes in Apical Dendrites of Neocortical Layer 2/3 Pyramidal Neurons
J. Neurosci., August 22, 2007; 27(34): 8999 - 9008.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
Y. Shu, Y. Yu, J. Yang, and D. A. McCormick
Selective control of cortical axonal spikes by a slowly inactivating K+ current
PNAS, July 3, 2007; 104(27): 11453 - 11458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. E. J. Cheetham, M. S. L. Hammond, C. E. J. Edwards, and G. T. Finnerty
Sensory Experience Alters Cortical Connectivity and Synaptic Function Site Specifically
J. Neurosci., March 28, 2007; 27(13): 3456 - 3465.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S.-C. Yen, J. Baker, and C. M. Gray
Heterogeneity in the Responses of Adjacent Neurons to Natural Stimuli in Cat Striate Cortex
J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2007; 97(2): 1326 - 1341.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
S. Haeusler and W. Maass
A Statistical Analysis of Information-Processing Properties of Lamina-Specific Cortical Microcircuit Models
Cereb Cortex, January 1, 2007; 17(1): 149 - 162.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
K. J. Nielsen, N. K. Logothetis, and G. Rainer
Dissociation between local field potentials and spiking activity in macaque inferior temporal cortex reveals diagnosticity-based encoding of complex objects.
J. Neurosci., September 20, 2006; 26(38): 9639 - 9645.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
B. Haider, A. Duque, A. R. Hasenstaub, and D. A. McCormick
Neocortical network activity in vivo is generated through a dynamic balance of excitation and inhibition.
J. Neurosci., April 26, 2006; 26(17): 4535 - 4545.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
D. Schubert, R. Kotter, H.J. Luhmann, and J.F. Staiger
Morphology, Electrophysiology and Functional Input Connectivity of Pyramidal Neurons Characterizes a Genuine Layer Va in the Primary Somatosensory Cortex
Cereb Cortex, February 1, 2006; 16(2): 223 - 236.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
C. Boucsein, M. Nawrot, S. Rotter, A. Aertsen, and D. Heck
Controlling Synaptic Input Patterns In Vitro by Dynamic Photo Stimulation
J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2005; 94(4): 2948 - 2958.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
B. D. Moore IV, H. J. Alitto, and W. M. Usrey
Orientation Tuning, But Not Direction Selectivity, Is Invariant to Temporal Frequency in Primary Visual Cortex
J Neurophysiol, August 1, 2005; 94(2): 1336 - 1345.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
L. G. Nowak, M. V. Sanchez-Vives, and D. A. McCormick
Role of Synaptic and Intrinsic Membrane Properties in Short-Term Receptive Field Dynamics in Cat Area 17
J. Neurosci., February 16, 2005; 25(7): 1866 - 1880.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|