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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 1, 2005, 25(22):5382-5388; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0347-05.2005

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Neuromagnetic Correlates of Streaming in Human Auditory Cortex

Alexander Gutschalk,^1,2,3 Christophe Micheyl,² Jennifer R. Melcher,^3,4,5 André Rupp,¹ Michael Scherg,¹ and Andrew J. Oxenham^2,4

¹Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, ²Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, ³Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, ⁴Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, and ⁵Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

The brain is constantly faced with the challenge of organizing acoustic input from multiple sound sources into meaningful auditory objects or perceptual streams. The present study examines the neural bases of auditory stream formation using neuromagnetic and behavioral measures. The stimuli were sequences of alternating pure tones, which can be perceived as either one or two streams. In the first experiment, physical stimulus parameters were varied between values that promoted the perceptual grouping of the tone sequence into one coherent stream and values that promoted its segregation into two streams. In the second experiment, an ambiguous tone sequence produced a bistable percept that switched spontaneously between one- and two-stream percepts. The first experiment demonstrated a strong correlation between listeners' perception and long-latency (>60 ms) activity that likely arises in nonprimary auditory cortex. The second demonstrated a covariation between this activity and listeners' perception in the absence of physical stimulus changes. Overall, the results indicate a tight coupling between auditory cortical activity and streaming perception, suggesting that an explicit representation of auditory streams may be maintained within nonprimary auditory areas.

Key words: auditory cortex; magnetoencephalography; scene analysis; stream segregation; bistable percepts; adaptation

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Received Jan 25, 2005; revised April 26, 2005; accepted April 26, 2005.

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