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The Journal of Neuroscience, October 5, 2005, 25(40):9152-9161; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3001-05.2005

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Neurobiology of Disease
CHIP Suppresses Polyglutamine Aggregation and Toxicity In Vitro and In Vivo

Victor M. Miller,^1,2 Rick F. Nelson,^1,3,4 Cynthia M. Gouvion,¹ Aislinn Williams,^1,3,4 Edgardo Rodriguez-Lebron,¹ Scott Q. Harper,⁵ Beverly L. Davidson,^1,2,3,5 Michael R. Rebagliati,^2,6 and Henry L. Paulson^1,2,3,4

¹Department of Neurology, ²Graduate Program in Genetics, ³Graduate Program in Neuroscience, ⁴Medical Scientist Training Program, ⁵Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, and ⁶Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242

Huntington's disease (HD) and other polyglutamine (polyQ) neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neuronal accumulation of the disease protein, suggesting that the cellular ability to handle abnormal proteins is compromised. As both a cochaperone and ubiquitin ligase, the C-terminal Hsp70 (heat shock protein 70)-interacting protein (CHIP) links the two major arms of protein quality control, molecular chaperones, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Here, we demonstrate that CHIP suppresses polyQ aggregation and toxicity in transfected cell lines, primary neurons, and a novel zebrafish model of disease. Suppression by CHIP requires its cochaperone function, suggesting that CHIP acts to facilitate the solubility of mutant polyQ proteins through its interactions with chaperones. Conversely, HD transgenic mice that are haploinsufficient for CHIP display a markedly accelerated disease phenotype. We conclude that CHIP is a critical mediator of the neuronal response to misfolded polyQ protein and represents a potential therapeutic target in this important class of neurodegenerative diseases.

Key words: polyQ; CHIP; zebrafish; neurodegeneration; proteasome; molecular chaperones

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Received July 8, 2004; revised August 16, 2005; accepted August 17, 2005.

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