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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 16, 2005, 25(46):10796-10802; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1637-05.2005

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Neural Correlates of Fine Depth Discrimination in Monkey Inferior Temporal Cortex

Takanori Uka,¹ Seiji Tanabe,² Masayuki Watanabe,² and Ichiro Fujita^1,2,3

¹Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Science and Technology Corporation of Japan, ²Laboratory for Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Engineering Science, and ³Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka 560-8531, Japan

Binocular disparity is an important visual cue that gives rise to the perception of depth. Disparity signals are widely spread across the visual cortex, but their relative role is poorly understood. Here, we addressed the correlation between the responses of disparity-selective neurons in the occipitotemporal (ventral) visual pathway and the behavioral discrimination of stereoscopic depth. We recorded activity of disparity-selective neurons in the inferior temporal cortex (IT) while monkeys were engaged in a fine stereoscopic depth discrimination (stereoacuity) task. We found that trial-to-trial fluctuations in neuronal responses correlated with the monkey's perceptual choice. We suggest that disparity signals in the IT, located in the ventral visual pathway, are functionally linked to the discrimination of fine-grain depth.

Key words: binocular; cortex; discrimination; vision; correlated variability; extracellular recording

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Received April 26, 2005; revised October 1, 2005; accepted October 9, 2005.

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