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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 10, 2006, 26(19):5180-5189; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0739-06.2006
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Neurobiology of Disease
Enhanced Ryanodine Receptor Recruitment Contributes to Ca2+ Disruptions in Young, Adult, and Aged Alzheimer's Disease Mice
Grace E. Stutzmann,
Ian Smith,
Antonella Caccamo,
Salvatore Oddo,
Frank M. LaFerla, and
Ian Parker
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4550
Correspondence should be addressed to Grace E. Stutzmann, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064. Email: grace.stutzmann{at}rosalindfranklin.edu
Neuronal Ca2+ signaling through inositol triphosphate receptors (IP3R) and ryanodine receptors (RyRs) must be tightly regulated to maintain cell viability, both acutely and over a lifetime. Exaggerated intracellular Ca2+ levels have been associated with expression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) mutations in young mice, but little is known of Ca2+ dysregulations during normal and pathological aging processes. Here, we used electrophysiological recordings with two-photon imaging to study Ca2+ signaling in nontransgenic (NonTg) and several AD mouse models (PS1KI, 3xTg-AD, and APPSweTauP301L) at young (6 week), adult (6 months), and old (18 months) ages. At all ages, the PS1KI and 3xTg-AD mice displayed exaggerated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ signals relative to NonTg mice. The PS1 mutation was the predominant "calciopathic" factor, because responses in 3xTg-AD mice were similar to PS1KI mice, and APPSweTauP301L mice were not different from controls. In addition, we uncovered powerful signaling interactions and differences between IP3R- and RyR-mediated Ca2+ components in NonTg and AD mice. In NonTg mice, RyR contributed modestly to IP3-evoked Ca2+, whereas the exaggerated signals in 3xTg-AD and PS1KI mice resulted primarily from enhanced RyR-Ca2+ release and were associated with increased RyR expression across all ages. Moreover, IP3-evoked membrane hyperpolarizations in AD mice were even greater than expected from exaggerated Ca2+ signals, suggesting increased coupling efficiency between cytosolic [Ca2+] and K+ channel regulation. We conclude that lifelong ER Ca2+ disruptions in AD are related to a modulation of RyR signaling associated with PS1 mutations and represent a discrete "calciumopathy," not merely an acceleration of normal aging.
Key words: Alzheimer; ryanodine receptor; calcium [Ca]; cortex; imaging; inositol trisphosphate; age; presenilin; -amyloid
Received Dec. 12, 2005;
revised March 27, 2006;
accepted March 30, 2006.
Correspondence should be addressed to Grace E. Stutzmann, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064. Email: grace.stutzmann{at}rosalindfranklin.edu
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