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The Journal of Neuroscience, January 11, 2006, 26(2):411-417; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3115-05.2006

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Aldosterone Target Neurons in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Drive Sodium Appetite

Joel C. Geerling,¹ William C. Engeland,² Mitsuhiro Kawata,³ and Arthur D. Loewy¹

¹Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, ²Departments of Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, and ³Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan

Sodium appetite can be enhanced by the adrenal steroid aldosterone via an unknown brain mechanism. A novel group of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius expresses the enzyme 11--hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, which makes them selectively responsive to aldosterone. Their activation parallels sodium appetite in different paradigms of salt loss even in the absence of aldosterone. These unique aldosterone target neurons may represent a previously unrecognized central convergence point at which hormonal and neural signals can be integrated to drive sodium appetite.

Key words: aldosterone; ingestive behavior; mineralocorticoid; salt appetite; nucleus of the solitary tract; nucleus tractus solitarius; thirst

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Received July 27, 2005; revised November 7, 2005; accepted November 11, 2005.

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