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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 14, 2006, 26(24):6399-6405; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0666-06.2006

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Development/Plasticity/Repair
Striatal Functional Alteration in Adolescents Characterized by Early Childhood Behavioral Inhibition

Amanda E. Guyer,¹ Eric E. Nelson,¹ Koraly Perez-Edgar,^1,7 Michael G. Hardin,^1,2 Roxann Roberson-Nay,³ Christopher S. Monk,⁴ James M. Bjork,⁵ Heather A. Henderson,⁶ Daniel S. Pine,¹ Nathan A. Fox,² and Monique Ernst¹

¹Emotional Development and Affective Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, ²Department of Human Development, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, ³Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, ⁴Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, ⁵Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, ⁶Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, and ⁷Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Amanda E. Guyer, 15K North Drive, Room 208, Bethesda, MD 20892-2670. Email: amandaguyer{at}mail.nih.gov

The temperamental style of behavioral inhibition has been characterized by exaggerated behavioral and neural responses to cues signaling threat. Virtually no work, however, has addressed whether behavioral inhibition may also confer heightened brain activation in response to positively valenced incentives. We used event-related functional MRI (fMRI) and a monetary incentive delay task to examine whether the neural response to incentives is also greater in adolescents characterized as behaviorally inhibited early in life compared with those characterized as non-inhibited. Whereas task performance did not differ between groups, fMRI revealed greater striatal activation to incentives in behaviorally inhibited adolescents than in non-inhibited adolescents. This was regardless of whether the incentive was an anticipated gain or loss. Alteration in neural systems underlying behavior modulated by both negative and positive contingencies may represent a correlate of behavioral inhibition that also underlies vulnerability to various forms of developmental psychopathology.

Key words: fMRI; striatum; reward; adolescence; motivation; temperament

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Received Feb. 15, 2006; revised April 24, 2006; accepted May 8, 2006.

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Amanda E. Guyer, 15K North Drive, Room 208, Bethesda, MD 20892-2670. Email: amandaguyer{at}mail.nih.gov

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