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The Journal of Neuroscience, June 14, 2006, 26(24):6637-6642; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5100-05.2006

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Brief Communications
Near Simultaneous Release of Classical and Peptide Cotransmitters from Chromaffin Cells

Matthew D. Whim

Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802

Correspondence should be addressed to Matthew D. Whim, Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Building, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802. Email: mdw13{at}psu.edu

Adrenal chromaffin cells are an important part of the neuroendocrine system and under stressful conditions release catecholamines into the blood, thus regulating many physiological processes. In addition to the catecholamines, chromaffin cells also synthesize a range of peptides, including neuropeptide Y. Although the catecholamines and peptides are both contained within dense core granules, whether they are copackaged is less clear. Here, I investigate whether a single dense core granule can be loaded with both types of transmitter molecules. Using amperometry and FMRFamide tagging, I simultaneously measure the secretion of the catecholamines and a neuropeptide from mouse chromaffin cells in vitro. I find that fusion of a single dense core granule releases both types of transmitters into the extracellular space. Significant amounts of peptide escape from a fusing granule in 1–2 ms: almost as rapidly as the catecholamines. This suggests that the kinetics of peptide secretion might not be as sluggish as sometimes thought.

Key words: large dense core granule; peptide; secretion; cotransmitters; chromaffin; neuropeptide Y

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Received Nov. 30, 2005; revised May 17, 2006; accepted May 17, 2006.

Correspondence should be addressed to Matthew D. Whim, Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Building, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802. Email: mdw13{at}psu.edu

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. C. Mitchell, Q. Wang, P. Ramamoorthy, and M. D. Whim A Common Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Alters the Synthesis and Secretion of Neuropeptide Y J. Neurosci., December 31, 2008; 28(53): 14428 - 14434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Ramamoorthy and M. D. Whim Trafficking and Fusion of Neuropeptide Y-Containing Dense-Core Granules in Astrocytes J. Neurosci., December 17, 2008; 28(51): 13815 - 13827. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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				Y. Fujita, A. Xu, L. Xie, L. Arunachalam, T.-C. Chou, T. Jiang, S.-K. Chiew, J. Kourtesis, L. Wang, H. Y. Gaisano, et al. Ca2+-dependent Activator Protein for Secretion 1 Is Critical for Constitutive and Regulated Exocytosis but Not for Loading of Transmitters into Dense Core Vesicles J. Biol. Chem., July 20, 2007; 282(29): 21392 - 21403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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