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The Journal of Neuroscience, July 19, 2006, 26(29):7650-7658; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1519-06.2006
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Cellular/Molecular
Interdomain Interactions in AMPA and Kainate Receptors Regulate Affinity for Glutamate
Matthew C. Weston,1
Christoph Gertler,1
Mark L. Mayer,2 and
Christian Rosenmund1
1Departments of Neuroscience and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, and 2Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurophysiology, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Christian Rosenmund, Departments of Neuroscience and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room 833E, Houston, TX 77030. Email: rosenmun{at}bcm.tmc.edu
Ionotropic glutamate receptors perform diverse functions in the nervous system. As a result, multiple receptor subtypes have evolved with different kinetics, ion permeability, expression patterns, and regulation by second messengers. Kainate receptors show slower recovery from desensitization and have different affinities for agonists than AMPA receptors. Based on analysis of ligand binding domain crystal structures, we identified interdomain interactions in the agonist-bound state that are conserved in kainate receptors and absent in AMPA receptors. Mutations in GluR6 designed to disrupt these contacts reduced agonist apparent affinity, speeded up receptor deactivation and increased the rate of recovery from desensitization. Conversely, introduction of mutations in GluR2 that enabled additional interdomain interactions in the agonist-bound state increased agonist apparent affinity 15-fold, and slowed both deactivation and recovery from desensitization. We conclude that interdomain interactions have evolved as a distinct mechanism that contributes to the unique kinetic properties of AMPA and kainate receptors.
Key words: glutamate receptor; gating; desensitization; crystal structure; kainate; AMPA
Received April 8, 2006;
revised May 25, 2006;
accepted June 12, 2006.
Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Christian Rosenmund, Departments of Neuroscience and Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room 833E, Houston, TX 77030. Email: rosenmun{at}bcm.tmc.edu
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