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The Journal of Neuroscience, November 8, 2006, 26(45):11562-11574; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3092-06.2006

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Development/Plasticity/Repair
Cell Migration along the Lateral Cortical Stream to the Developing Basal Telencephalic Limbic System

Rosalind S. E. Carney,^1,2 Teresa B. Alfonso,¹ Daniela Cohen,³ Haining Dai,¹ Susana Nery,³ Bogdan Stoica,¹ Jonathan Slotkin,¹ Barbara S. Bregman,¹ Gord Fishell,³ and Joshua G. Corbin^1,2

¹Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, ²Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, and ³Developmental Genetics Program and the Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of BioMolecular Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Joshua Corbin, Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Suite 5347, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20010. Email: jcorbin{at}cnmcresearch.org

During embryogenesis, the lateral cortical stream (LCS) emerges from the corticostriatal border (CSB), the boundary between the developing cerebral cortex and striatum. The LCS is comprised of a mix of pallial- and subpallial-derived neural progenitor cells that migrate to the developing structures of the basal telencephalon, most notably the piriform cortex and amygdala. Using a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches, we analyzed the timing, composition, migratory modes, origin, and requirement of the homeodomain-containing transcription factor Gsh2 (genomic screened homeobox 2) in the development of this prominent migratory stream. We reveal that Pax6 (paired box gene 6)-positive pallial-derived and Dlx2 (distal-less homeobox 2)-positive subpallial-derived subpopulations of LCS cells are generated in distinct temporal windows during embryogenesis. Furthermore, our data indicate the CSB border not only is comprised of separate populations of pallial- and subpallial-derived progenitors that contribute to the LCS but also a subpopulation of cells coexpressing Pax6 and Dlx2. Moreover, despite migrating along a route outlined by a cascade of radial glia, the Dlx2-positive population appears to migrate primarily in an apparent chain-like manner, with LCS migratory cells being generated locally at the CSB with little contribution from other subpallial structures such as the medial, lateral, or caudal ganglionic eminences. We further demonstrate that the generation of the LCS is dependent on the homeodomain-containing gene Gsh2, revealing a novel requirement for Gsh2 in telencephalic development.

Key words: amygdala; development; pallium; radial glia; specification; subpallium

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Received Jan. 31, 2006; revised Sept. 22, 2006; accepted Sept. 22, 2006.

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Joshua Corbin, Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Suite 5347, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20010. Email: jcorbin{at}cnmcresearch.org

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