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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 15, 2006, 26(7):2060-2071; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4251-05.2006

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Cellular/Molecular
Physical and Functional Interaction between Protocadherin 15 and Myosin VIIa in Mechanosensory Hair Cells

Mathias Senften,¹ Martin Schwander,¹ Piotr Kazmierczak,¹ Concepcion Lillo,² Jung-Bum Shin,³ Tama Hasson,⁴ Gwenaëlle S. G. Géléoc,⁵ Peter G. Gillespie,³ David Williams,² Jeffrey R. Holt,⁵ and Ulrich Müller¹

¹Department of Cell Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Institute for Childhood and Neglected Disease, La Jolla, California, 92037, ²Departments of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, ³Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, ⁴Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92037, and ⁵Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908

Correspondence should be addressed to Ulrich Müller, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92073. Email: umueller{at}scripps.edu

Hair cells of the mammalian inner ear are the mechanoreceptors that convert sound-induced vibrations into electrical signals. The molecular mechanisms that regulate the development and function of the mechanically sensitive organelle of hair cells, the hair bundle, are poorly defined. We link here two gene products that have been associated with deafness and hair bundle defects, protocadherin 15 (PCDH15) and myosin VIIa (MYO7A), into a common pathway. We show that PCDH15 binds to MYO7A and that both proteins are expressed in an overlapping pattern in hair bundles. PCDH15 localization is perturbed in MYO7A-deficient mice, whereas MYO7A localization is perturbed in PCDH15-deficient mice. Like MYO7A, PCDH15 is critical for the development of hair bundles in cochlear and vestibular hair cells, controlling hair bundle morphogenesis and polarity. Cochlear and vestibular hair cells from PCDH15-deficient mice also show defects in mechanotransduction. Together, our findings suggest that PCDH15 and MYO7A cooperate to regulate the development and function of the mechanically sensitive hair bundle.

Key words: hair cell; deafness; mechanotransduction; PCDH15; MYO7A; cochlea

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Received Oct. 5, 2005; revised Jan. 5, 2006; accepted Jan. 9, 2006.

Correspondence should be addressed to Ulrich Müller, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92073. Email: umueller{at}scripps.edu

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