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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 14, 2007, 27(11):2825-2836; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4102-06.2007

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Activity of Inferior Temporal Cortical Neurons Predicts Recognition Choice Behavior and Recognition Time during Visual Search

Ryan E. B. Mruczek and David L. Sheinberg

Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02906

Correspondence should be addressed to David L. Sheinberg, Brown University, Box G-L, Sidney E. Frank Hall, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912. Email: david_sheinberg{at}brown.edu

Although the selectivity for complex stimuli exhibited by neurons in inferior temporal cortex is often taken as evidence of their role in visual perception, few studies have directly tested this hypothesis. Here, we sought to create a relatively natural task with few behavioral constraints to test whether activity in inferior temporal cortex neurons predicts whether or not a monkey will recognize and respond to a complex visual object. Monkeys were trained to freely view an array of images and report the presence of one of many possible target images previously associated with a hand response. On certain trials, the identity of the target was swapped during the monkeys' targeting saccade. Furthermore, the response association of the preswap target and the postswap target differed (e.g., right-to-left target swap). Neural activity in cells selective for the preswap target was significantly higher when the monkeys' response matched the hand association of the preswap target. Furthermore, the monkeys' response time was predicted by the magnitude of the presaccadic firing rate on nonswap trials. Our results provide additional support for the role of inferior temporal cortex in object recognition during natural behavior.

Key words: inferotemporal cortex; primate; neurophysiology; object recognition; choice probability; vision

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Received Sept. 19, 2006; revised Jan. 18, 2007; accepted Feb. 6, 2007.

Correspondence should be addressed to David L. Sheinberg, Brown University, Box G-L, Sidney E. Frank Hall, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912. Email: david_sheinberg{at}brown.edu

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. Anderson, R. E.B. Mruczek, K. Kawasaki, and D. Sheinberg Effects of Familiarity on Neural Activity in Monkey Inferior Temporal Lobe Cereb Cortex, November 1, 2008; 18(11): 2540 - 2552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. E. B. Mruczek and D. L. Sheinberg Context Familiarity Enhances Target Processing by Inferior Temporal Cortex Neurons J. Neurosci., August 8, 2007; 27(32): 8533 - 8545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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