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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 14, 2007, 27(11):3017-3029; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4037-06.2007

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Promotes Long-Term Potentiation-Related Cytoskeletal Changes in Adult Hippocampus

Christopher S. Rex,¹ Ching-Yi Lin,² Eniko A. Kramár,³ Lulu Y. Chen,² Christine M. Gall,^1,2 and Gary Lynch³

Departments of ¹Neurobiology and Behavior, ²Anatomy and Neurobiology, and ³Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4292

Correspondence should be addressed to Christine M. Gall, Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4292. Email: cmgall{at}uci.edu

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an extremely potent, positive modulator of theta burst induced long-term potentiation (LTP) in the adult hippocampus. The present studies tested whether the neurotrophin exerts its effects by facilitating cytoskeletal changes in dendritic spines. BDNF caused no changes in phalloidin labeling of filamentous actin (F-actin) when applied alone to rat hippocampal slices but markedly enhanced the number of densely labeled spines produced by a threshold level of theta burst stimulation. Conversely, the BDNF scavenger TrkB–Fc completely blocked increases in spine F-actin produced by suprathreshold levels of theta stimulation. TrkB–Fc also blocked LTP consolidation when applied 1–2 min, but not 10 min, after theta trains. Additional experiments confirmed that p21 activated kinase and cofilin, two actin-regulatory proteins implicated in spine morphogenesis, are concentrated in spines in mature hippocampus and further showed that both undergo rapid, dose-dependent phosphorylation after infusion of BDNF. These results demonstrate that the influence of BDNF on the actin cytoskeleton is retained into adulthood in which it serves to positively modulate the time-dependent LTP consolidation process.

Key words: consolidation; synaptic plasticity; actin; phalloidin; cofilin; PAK

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Received Sept. 15, 2006; revised Feb. 10, 2006; accepted Feb. 10, 2007.

Correspondence should be addressed to Christine M. Gall, Gillespie Neuroscience Research Facility, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4292. Email: cmgall{at}uci.edu

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