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The Journal of Neuroscience, May 23, 2007, 27(21):5694-5705; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5233-06.2007

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Cholinergic Modulation of Spindle Bursts in the Neonatal Rat Visual Cortex In Vivo

Ileana L. Hanganu,¹ Jochen F. Staiger,² Yehezkel Ben-Ari,¹ and Rustem Khazipov¹

¹Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U29, 13273 Marseille, France, and ²Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Neuroanatomy, Albert Ludwigs-University, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany

Correspondence should be addressed to Ileana L. Hanganu, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U29, Avenue de Luminy, B.P. 13, 13272 Marseille, France. Email: hanganu{at}uni-mainz.de

Acetylcholine (ACh) is known to shape the adult neocortical activity related to behavioral states and processing of sensory information. However, the impact of cholinergic input on the neonatal neuronal activity remains widely unknown. Early during development, the principal activity pattern in the primary visual (V1) cortex is the intermittent self-organized spindle burst oscillation that can be driven by the retinal waves. Here, we assessed the relationship between this early activity pattern and the cholinergic drive by either blocking or augmenting the cholinergic input and investigating the resultant effects on the activity of the rat visual cortex during the first postnatal week in vivo. Blockade of the muscarinic receptors by intracerebroventricular, intracortical, or supracortical atropine application decreased the occurrence of V1 spindle bursts by 50%, both the retina-independent and the optic nerve-mediated spindle bursts being affected. In contrast, blockade of acetylcholine esterase with physostigmine augmented the occurrence, amplitude, and duration of V1 spindle bursts. Whereas direct stimulation of the cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei increased the occurrence probability of V1 spindle bursts, their chronic immunotoxic lesion using 192 IgG-saporin decreased the occurrence of neonatal V1 oscillatory activity by 87%. Thus, the cholinergic input facilitates the neonatal V1 spindle bursts and may prime the developing cortex to operate specifically on relevant early (retinal waves) and later (visual input) stimuli.

Key words: development; in vivo; muscarinic; 192 IgG-saporin; oscillations; basal forebrain

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Received Dec. 4, 2006; revised April 11, 2007; accepted April 19, 2007.

Correspondence should be addressed to Ileana L. Hanganu, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U29, Avenue de Luminy, B.P. 13, 13272 Marseille, France. Email: hanganu{at}uni-mainz.de

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