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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 28, 2007, 27(9):2424-2432; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3886-06.2007

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Spectral Changes in Cortical Surface Potentials during Motor Movement

Kai J. Miller,¹ Eric C. Leuthardt,² Gerwin Schalk,⁶ Rajesh P. N. Rao,³ Nicholas R. Anderson,⁷ Daniel W. Moran,⁷ John W. Miller,^4,5 and Jeffrey G. Ojemann^2,5

¹Departments of Physics, ²Neurological Surgery, ³Computer Science and Engineering, and ⁴Neurology and ⁵Harborview Regional Epilepsy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, ⁶Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201, and ⁷Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130

Correspondence should be addressed to Kai J. Miller, University of Washington, Department of Physics, Box 351560, Seattle, WA 98195-1560. Email: kjmiller{at}u.washington.edu

In the first large study of its kind, we quantified changes in electrocorticographic signals associated with motor movement across 22 subjects with subdural electrode arrays placed for identification of seizure foci. Patients underwent a 5–7 d monitoring period with array placement, before seizure focus resection, and during this time they participated in the study. An interval-based motor-repetition task produced consistent and quantifiable spectral shifts that were mapped on a Talairach-standardized template cortex. Maps were created independently for a high-frequency band (HFB) (76–100 Hz) and a low-frequency band (LFB) (8–32 Hz) for several different movement modalities in each subject. The power in relevant electrodes consistently decreased in the LFB with movement, whereas the power in the HFB consistently increased. In addition, the HFB changes were more focal than the LFB changes. Sites of power changes corresponded to stereotactic locations in sensorimotor cortex and to the results of individual clinical electrical cortical mapping. Sensorimotor representation was found to be somatotopic, localized in stereotactic space to rolandic cortex, and typically followed the classic homunculus with limited extrarolandic representation.

Key words: electrocorticography (ECoG); motor; mapping; somatotopy; homunculus; cortical spectra

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Received Sept. 7, 2006; revised Jan. 16, 2007; accepted Jan. 18, 2007.

Correspondence should be addressed to Kai J. Miller, University of Washington, Department of Physics, Box 351560, Seattle, WA 98195-1560. Email: kjmiller{at}u.washington.edu

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