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The Journal of Neuroscience, December 17, 2008, 28(51):13793-13804; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4155-08.2008

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Cellular/Molecular
Dendrites of Mammalian Neurons Contain Specialized P-Body-Like Structures That Respond to Neuronal Activation

Nicolas Cougot,^1 * Suvendra N. Bhattacharyya,^2 * Lucie Tapia-Arancibia,^3,4 Remy Bordonné,¹ Witold Filipowicz,² Edouard Bertrand,¹ and Florence Rage¹

¹Institut de Génétique moléculaire de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 5535-IFR 122, 34000 Montpellier, France, ²Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, 4002 Basel, Switzerland, ³INSERM U710, Université de Montpellier 2, Montpellier, F-34095 France, and ⁴Ecole de Hautes Etudes Pratiques, Paris, F-75007 France

Correspondence should be addressed to Florence Rage, Institut de Génétique moléculaire de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende 34000 Montpellier, France. Email: florence.rage{at}igmm.cnrs.fr

Intracellular mRNA transport and local translation play a key role in neuronal physiology. Translationally repressed mRNAs are transported as a part of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles to distant dendritic sites, but the properties of different RNP particles and mechanisms of their repression and transport remain largely unknown. Here, we describe a new class of RNP-particles, the dendritic P-body-like structures (dlPbodies), which are present in the soma and dendrites of mammalian neurons and have both similarities and differences to P-bodies of non-neuronal cells. These structures stain positively for a number of P-body and microRNP components, a microRNA-repressed mRNA and some translational repressors. They appear more heterogeneous than P-bodies of HeLa cells, and they rarely contain the exonuclease Xrn1 but are positive for rRNA. These particles show motorized movements along dendrites and relocalize to distant sites in response to synaptic activation. Furthermore, Dcp1a is stably associated with dlP-bodies in unstimulated cells, but exchanges rapidly on neuronal activation, concomitantly with the loss of Ago2 from dlP-bodies. Thus, dlP-bodies may regulate local translation by storing repressed mRNPs in unstimulated cells, and releasing them on synaptic activation.

Key words: miRNA; P-body; RNA-granule; neurons; dendritic mRNA trafficking; localization

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Received Sept. 1, 2008; revised Oct. 14, 2008; accepted Oct. 24, 2008.

Correspondence should be addressed to Florence Rage, Institut de Génétique moléculaire de Montpellier, 1919 route de Mende 34000 Montpellier, France. Email: florence.rage{at}igmm.cnrs.fr

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