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The Journal of Neuroscience, March 18, 2009, 29(11):3642-3659; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0058-09.2009

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Cellular/Molecular
Classification of NPY-Expressing Neocortical Interneurons

Anastassios Karagiannis,^1,2 * Thierry Gallopin,^1 * Csaba Dávid,^3 * Demian Battaglia,^4,5 * Hélène Geoffroy,¹ Jean Rossier,¹ Elizabeth M. C. Hillman,⁶ Jochen F. Staiger,³ and Bruno Cauli^1,2

¹Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Diversité Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7637, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, and ²Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 7102, 75005 Paris, France, ³Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Neuroanatomy, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, D-79001 Freiburg, Germany, ⁴Laboratoire de Neurophysique et Physiologie, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS UMR 8119, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France, ⁵Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany, and ⁶Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027

Correspondence should be addressed to Bruno Cauli, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7102, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 9 Quai St. Bernard, 75005 Paris, France. Email: bruno.cauli{at}snv.jussieu.fr

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an abundant neuropeptide of the neocortex involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Because of the large electrophysiological, molecular, and morphological diversity of NPY-expressing neurons their precise identity remains unclear. To define distinct populations of NPY neurons we characterized, in acute slices of rat barrel cortex, 200 cortical neurons of layers I–IV by means of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings, biocytin labeling, and single-cell reverse transcriptase-PCR designed to probe for the expression of well established molecular markers for cortical neurons. To classify reliably cortical NPY neurons, we used and compared different unsupervised clustering algorithms based on laminar location and electrophysiological and molecular properties. These classification schemes confirmed that NPY neurons are nearly exclusively GABAergic and consistently disclosed three main types of NPY-expressing interneurons. (1) Neurogliaform-like neurons exhibiting a dense axonal arbor, were the most frequent and superficial, and substantially expressed the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase. (2) Martinotti-like cells characterized by an ascending axon ramifying in layer I coexpressed somatostatin and were the most excitable type. (3) Among fast-spiking and parvalbumin-positive basket cells, NPY expression was correlated with pronounced spike latency. By clarifying the diversity of cortical NPY neurons, this study establishes a basis for future investigations aiming at elucidating their physiological roles.

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Received Jan. 6, 2009; revised Feb. 13, 2009; accepted Feb. 14, 2009.

Correspondence should be addressed to Bruno Cauli, Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7102, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 9 Quai St. Bernard, 75005 Paris, France. Email: bruno.cauli{at}snv.jussieu.fr

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. G. Partridge, M. J. Janssen, D. Y. T. Chou, K. Abe, Z. Zukowska, and S. Vicini Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses in Neuropeptide Y-Expressing Striatal Interneurons J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2009; 102(5): 3038 - 3045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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