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The Journal of Neuroscience, February 11, 2009, 29(6):1766-1772; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5259-08.2009

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Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive
Neural Correlates of Overcoming Interference from Instructed and Implemented Stimulus–Response Associations

Marcel Brass,^1,2 Dorit Wenke,^2,3 Stephanie Spengler,² and Florian Waszak^2,4

¹Department of Experimental Psychology and Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium, ²Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, ³Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom, and ⁴Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, René Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Marcel Brass, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri-Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Email: marcel.brass{at}ugent.be

One of the major evolutionary advances of human primates in the motor domain is their ability to use verbal instructions to guide their behavior. Despite this fundamental role of verbal information for our behavioral regulation, the functional and neural mechanisms underlying the transformation of verbal instructions into efficient behavior are still poorly understood. To gain deeper insights into the motor representation of verbal instructions, we investigated the neural circuits involved in overcoming interference from stimulus– response (S-R) mappings that are merely instructed and S-R mappings that are implemented. Implemented and instructed S-R mappings revealed a partly overlapping pattern of fronto-parietal brain activity when compared with a neutral condition. However, the direct contrast revealed a clear difference with stronger activation for the implemented condition in the ACC, bilateral inferior parietal cortex, the cerebellum and the precentral sulcus. This indicates that instructed S-R mappings share some properties with implemented S-R mappings but that they are lacking the motor-related properties of implemented mappings.

Key words: verbal instruction; prefrontal cortex; conflict; fMRI; cognitive control; ACC; pre-SMA

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Received Oct. 31, 2008; revised Dec. 19, 2008; accepted Dec. 22, 2008.

Correspondence should be addressed to Dr. Marcel Brass, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Henri-Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Email: marcel.brass{at}ugent.be

This article has been cited by other articles:

				H. Ruge and U. Wolfensteller Rapid Formation of Pragmatic Rule Representations in the Human Brain during Instruction-Based Learning Cereb Cortex, November 4, 2009; (2009) bhp228v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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