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Journal of Neuroscience, Vol 3, 962-976, Copyright © 1983 by Society for Neuroscience
Kinetics of the receptor current in bullfrog saccular hair cells
DP Corey and AJ Hudspeth
The receptor current of hair cells from the bullfrog's sacculus was
measured by voltage clamp recording across the isolated sensory epithelium.
Several hundred hair cells were stimulated en masse by moving the overlying
otolithic membrane with a piezoelectrically activated probe. As measured by
optical recording of otolithic membrane motion, the step displacement
stimuli reached their final amplitudes of up to 1 micrometer within 100
microseconds. The relationship between displacement and steady-state
receptor current is an asymmetric, sigmoidal curve about 0.5 micrometer in
extent. The time constant of the approach to steady state depends upon the
magnitude of the hair bundle displacement and ranges from 100 to 500
microseconds at 4 degrees C; the time course is faster with larger
displacements or at higher temperatures. Both the displacement-response
curve and the kinetics of the response are changed by alterations in the
Ca2+ concentration at the apical surface of the cells. The characteristics
of the response are not consistent with simple models for the transduction
process that involve enzymatic regulation of channel proteins or diffusible
second messengers. Mechanical stimulation is instead posited to act
directly by altering the free energy difference between the open and closed
forms of the transduction channel, thereby inducing a redistribution
between these states. The dependences of the response kinetics on
displacement and on temperature suggest that the thermal interconversion
between open and closed transduction channels is limited by an enthalpy of
activation of about 12 kcal/mol.
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